Microfiltration of human milk to reduce bacterial contamination
The present invention relates to a method for treating raw human milk to produce treated human milk having undetectable levels of bacteria. The milk is skimmed to produce skim human milk then subjected to microfiltration to yield a filtrate which has undetectable levels of bacteria, including Bacillus cereus . The resultant human milk can be further processed, used and/or sold.
1. A method for making a human milk composition comprising the steps of:
(a) pre-filtering human skim milk using a filter aid through one or more pre-filters to obtain pre-filtered human skim milk, wherein the filter aid is added to the human skim milk in a concentration of from about 20 g/L to about 50 g/L, and wherein the filter aid has a permeability of from about 0.100 D to 0.300 D;
(b) microfiltering the pre-filtered human skim milk through one or more microfilters to obtain microfiltered human skim milk;
(c) concentrating the microfiltered human skim milk to obtain concentrated human skim milk, wherein the concentrating comprises ultrafiltration;
(d) formulating the concentrated human skim milk to obtain the human milk composition, wherein the formulating comprises adding cream to the concentrated human skim milk.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter aid comprises diatomaceous earth.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentrated microfiltered human skim milk comprises about 5% to about 15% protein content.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microfiltered human skim milk has no more than 101 bacteria per milliliter.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more microfilters comprise an average pore size of about 0.2 to about 1 micron.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more pre-filters comprise an average pore size of about 1 to 10 microns.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter aid is added in a concentration of about 50 g/L.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter aid comprises a permeability of about 0.300 D.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is formulated to comprise about 20-70 mg/ml protein, about 35-85 mg/ml fat, and about 60-140 mg/ml carbohydrates.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is formulated to comprise about 35-85 mg/ml protein, about 60-110 mg/ml fat, and about 60-140 mg/ml carbohydrates.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is formulated to comprise about 20 kcal/ounce.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is formulated to comprise about 24 kcal/ounce.
13. A human milk composition made by the method according to claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is a human milk fortifier comprising about 20-70 mg/ml protein, about 35-85 mg/ml fat, and about 60-140 mg/ml carbohydrates.
14. A human milk composition made by the method according to claim 1 , wherein the human milk composition is a standardized human milk composition comprising about 20 kcal/ounce or about 24 kcal/ounce.
15. A method for making a human milk composition comprising the steps of:
(a) pre-filtering human skim milk comprising about 0.1% to about 1.0% fat content using a filter aid through one or more pre-filters to obtain pre-filtered human skim milk, wherein the filter aid is added to the human skim milk in a concentration of about 50 g/L, and wherein the filter aid has a permeability of about 0.300 D;
(b) microfiltering the pre-filtered human skim milk through one or more microfilters to obtain a microfiltered human skim milk;
(c) concentrating the microfiltered human skim milk to obtain concentrated human skim milk, wherein the concentrating comprises ultrafiltration with an ultra-filter between about 1 to about 40 kDa in size;
(d) formulating the concentrated human skim milk to obtain the human milk composition, wherein the formulating comprises adding cream to the concentrated human skim milk.
16. A human milk composition made by the method according to claim 15 , wherein the human milk composition is a human milk fortifier comprising about 20-70 mg/ml protein, about 35-85 mg/ml fat, and about 60-140 mg/ml carbohydrates.
17. A human milk composition made by the method according to claim 15 , wherein the human milk composition is a standardized human milk composition comprising about 20 kcal/ounce or about 24 kcal/ounce.