Injectable nitrogen mustard compositions comprising a cyclodextrin derivative and methods of making and using the same

1. An injectable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation comprising 8.5 mL of an aqueous solution at a pH of 5, said solution consisting of 9 g/L sodium chloride, a sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin, and 5 mg/mL melphalan, wherein said sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and said melphalan are present in a weight ratio of 54:1; and

wherein said aqueous pharmaceutical formulation is stable at room temperature for at least one hour, as compared to a cyclodextrin-free reference melphalan standard.

2. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein less than 2% by weight of said melphalan is degraded after 5 hours at room temperature as compared to the amount of melphalan present before holding said formulation at room temperature for 5 hours.

3. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein less than 4% by weight of said melphalan is degraded when said formulation is held at room temperature for 10 hours as compared to the amount of melphalan present before holding said formulation at room temperature for 10 hours.

4. An injectable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation comprising 10 mL of an aqueous solution with a pH of 5, said formulation consisting of a sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and 0.45 mg/mL melphalan;

wherein said sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and said melphalan are present in a weight ratio of at least 54:1; and

wherein said aqueous pharmaceutical formulation is stable at room temperature for at least 4 hours, as compared to a cyclodextrin-free reference melphalan standard.

5. The aqueous formulation of claim 4 , wherein less than 2% by weight of said melphalan is degraded when said formulation is held at room temperature for 5 hours as compared to the amount of melphalan present before holding said formulation at room temperature for 5 hours.

6. The aqueous formulation of claim 4 , wherein less than 4% by weight of said melphalan is degraded when said formulation is held at room temperature for 10 hours as compared to the amount of melphalan present before holding said formulation at room temperature for 10 hours.

7. An injectable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation comprising 8.5 mL of an aqueous solution at a pH of 5, said solution consisting of at least one of an antioxidant, preservative, or buffer, 9 g/L sodium chloride, a sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin, and 5 mg/mL melphalan, wherein said sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and said melphalan are present in a weight ratio of 54:1;

wherein said aqueous pharmaceutical formulation is stable at room temperature for at least one hour, as compared to a cyclodextrin-free reference melphalan standard.

8. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 or 4 or 7 , wherein administration of the formulation provides up to a 30% increase in the area under the melphalan plasma concentration curve as compared to administration of a cyclodextrin-free melphalan formulation.

9. An injectable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation consisting of 5 mg/mL melphalan, sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and 9 g/L sodium chloride; wherein said sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and said melphalan are present in a weight ratio of 54:1;

wherein the aqueous pharmaceutical formulation has a pH of 5;

wherein said aqueous pharmaceutical formulation is stable at room temperature for at least one hour, as compared to a cyclodextrin-free reference melphalan standard; and

further wherein administering the formulation provides a melphalan AUC 0-t in a subject that is at least 20% greater than a melphalan AUC 0-t provided by a melphalan formulation containing an equivalent dose of melphalan and lacking the cyclodextrin derivative.

10. An injectable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation consisting of 0.45 mg/mL melphalan, sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and 9 g/L sodium chloride; wherein said sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin and said melphalan are present in a weight ratio of at least 54:1;

wherein the aqueous pharmaceutical formulation has a pH of 5;

wherein said aqueous pharmaceutical formulation is stable at room temperature for at least 4 hours, as compared to a cyclodextrin-free reference melphalan standard; and

further wherein administering the formulation provides a melphalan AUC 0-t in a subject that is at least 20% greater than a melphalan AUC 0-t provided by a melphalan formulation containing an equivalent dose of melphalan and lacking the cyclodextrin derivative.