Glass cylinder for a piston-cylinder assembly with reduced friction, and method for treating a glass cylinder for a piston-cylinder assembly
A method of treating a glass cylinder for a piston-cylinder arrangement for reducing the friction of a piston on an inner cylinder wall of the glass cylinder includes: elevating surface energy of glass of an interior bounded by the inner cylinder wall and hence lowering a contact angle of the glass with water. The contact angle is lowered by: a gas discharge that acts on the glass at the inner cylinder wall and is generated by an electric or electromagnetic field; or the action of ozone on the glass surface. The glass with the lowered contact angle is contacted with water to form a water film on the contacted glass.
1. A method of treating a glass cylinder for a piston-cylinder arrangement for reducing the friction of a piston on an inner cylinder wall of the glass cylinder, the method comprising:
elevating surface energy of glass of an interior bounded by the inner cylinder wall and hence lowering a contact angle of the glass with water, wherein the contact angle is lowered by:
a gas discharge that acts on the glass at the inner cylinder wall and is generated by an electric or electromagnetic field; or
the action of ozone on the glass surface;
contacting the glass with the lowered contact angle with water vapor to form a water film on the glass; and
placing a piston in the interior such that the formed water film is disposed between the piston and the glass.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the steps of causing a gas discharge, causing the action of ozone, or contacting with water are repeated at least once.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising filling the interior with an aqueous active ingredient formulation, wherein the formed water film is present on the glass prior to filling.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is lowered by a gas discharge and the gas discharge is effected in an oxygen-containing gas.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is lowered by ozone and the ozone is generated by at least one of the processes of:
a gas discharge in an oxygen-containing gas;
an irradiation with ionizing rays; or
a UV irradiation.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is lowered by a gas discharge and the gas discharge is effected at a gas pressure of at least 100 millibars or at a gas pressure of at most 10 millibars.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is lowered by a gas discharge and the gas discharge comprises a corona discharge or a plasma treatment.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle of the glass with water in an axial direction of the glass cylinder has a variation, the magnitude of which is lowered by the gas discharge or by the action of ozone.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising defining a differential of the contact angle of a running surface of the piston and the inside of the cylinder, wherein the gas discharge or the action of ozone is conducted until the contact angle of the glass has fallen to such a degree that the defined differential is attained.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising placing a piston in the interior, wherein a differential is formed between a contact angle of plastic of a running surface of the piston and the glass with the lowered contact angle, the differential being at least 60°.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner cylinder wall is free of at least one of silicone or a lubricant.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lowered contact angle is stable over a storage time of up to 29 weeks.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the storage time is at least 2 weeks.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lowered contact angle is a contact angle with water of less than 15°.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein a variation in the contact angle of the glass with water in a longitudinal direction from one end of the glass cylinder to the other is less than 5°.
16. A piston-cylinder arrangement, comprising:
a glass cylinder comprising an interior bounded by an inner cylinder wall, wherein a surface of the interior of the cylinder is formed by a glass of the glass cylinder and a contact angle of the surface with water is less than 15° so the surface is hydrophilic; and
a piston inserted into the glass cylinder that runs directly on a water film formed on the glass of the glass cylinder from water vapor so the formed water film is disposed between the piston and the glass.
17. A piston-cylinder arrangement comprising:
a glass cylinder comprising:
an interior bounded by an inner cylinder wall, wherein a surface of the interior of the cylinder is formed by a glass of the glass cylinder and a contact angle of the surface with water is less than 15° so the surface is hydrophilic; and
a piston inserted into the glass cylinder that runs on a water film formed on the glass of the glass cylinder from water vapor, wherein at least a running surface of the piston is formed by a plastic that has a greater contact angle with water than the surface of the inner cylinder wall formed by the glass of the glass cylinder.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contact angle is lowered by a gas discharge and the gas discharge is below atmospheric pressure.