Anti-inflammatory properties of marine lipid compositions
Novel marine lipid compositions comprising triglycerides and omega-3 rich phospholipids are described. The compositions are characterized by providing highly bioavailable omega-3, increased tissue incorporation of omega-3 and reduced concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
1. A lipid composition comprising a mixture of phospholipid molecules, having the following general structure:
wherein R1 and R2 are a fatty acid residue or —OH and R1 and R2 are not simultaneously —OH and R3 is a choline, ethanolamine, serine or inositol group and said mixture of phospholipid molecules is characterized in comprising at least 1% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) residues or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residues at positions R1 or R2, said lipid composition has a lysophospholipid content of from 15% to 60% w/w of said composition, and said composition comprises triglycerides.
2. The lipid composition of claim 1 , wherein said lipid composition has a lysophospholipids content of from 15% to 30% w/w of said composition.
3. The lipid composition of claim 1 wherein said mixture of phospholipids has a ratio of EPA/DHA residues ranging from 1:1 to 4:1.
4. The lipid composition of claim 1 , wherein said mixture of phospholipids having a ratio of EPA/DHA residues ranging from 2:1 to 4:1.
5. The lipid composition of claim 1 , wherein said mixture of phospholipid molecules is characterized in comprising at least 15% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) residues or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residues at positions R1 or R2.
6. The lipid composition of claim 1 , wherein said mixture of phospholipid molecules is characterized in comprising at least 20% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) residues or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residues at positions R1 or R2.
7. A lipid composition comprising a mixture of phospholipid molecules, having the following general structure:
wherein R1 and R2 are a fatty acid residue or —OH and R1 and R2 are not simultaneously —OH and R3 is a choline, ethanolamine, serine or inositol group and said mixture of phospholipid molecules is characterized in comprising at least 15% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) residues or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residues at positions R1 or R2, said lipid composition has a lysophospholipid content of from 15% to 60% w/w of said composition, and said composition comprises triglycerides.
8. The lipid composition of claim 7 , wherein said lipid composition has a lysophospholipid content of from 15% to 30% w/w of said composition.
9. The lipid composition of claim 7 , wherein said mixture of phospholipid molecules has a ratio of EPA/DHA residues ranging from 1:1 to 4:1.
10. The lipid composition of claim 7 , wherein said mixture of phospholipids having a ratio of EPA/DHA residues ranging from 2:1 to 4:1.
11. A lipid composition comprising a mixture of phospholipid molecules, having the following general structure:
wherein R1 and R2 are a fatty acid residue or —OH and R1 and R2 are not simultaneously —OH and R3 is a choline, ethanolamine, serine or inositol group and said mixture of phospholipid molecules is characterized in comprising at least 15% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) residues or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residues at positions R1 or R2 and said lipid composition has a lysophospholipid content of from 15% to 30% w/w of said composition.
12. The lipid composition of claim 11 , wherein said mixture of phospholipids has a ratio of EPA/DHA residues ranging from 1:1 to 4:1.
13. The lipid composition of claim 11 , wherein said mixture of phospholipids having a ratio of EPA/DHA ranging from 2:1 to 4:1.
14. The lipid composition of claim 11 , wherein said lipid composition further comprises triglycerides.