Method of producing modified sawdust sorbent
A method for producing modified sawdust sorbent that includes sulfonating sawdust with sulfuric acid and oxidizing the sulfonated sawdust with hydrogen peroxide. The method yields modified sawdust sorbent containing sulfonated and oxidized cellulose. The modified sawdust sorbent has a higher surface area, higher organic dye adsorption capacity, and more rapid organic dye adsorption rate than unmodified sawdust. A method of using the modified sawdust sorbent for organic dye removal from water includes contacting dye contaminated water with the modified sawdust sorbent and forming a dye-impregnated sorbent and decontaminated water.
1. A method of making a modified sawdust sorbent comprising:
mixing a sawdust with sulfuric acid to form a sulfonating mixture,
heating the sulfonating mixture at 100 to 200° C. to form a sulfonated sawdust,
washing and drying the sulfonated sawdust at 50 to 150° C. to form a dried sawdust,
treating the dried sawdust with a hydrogen peroxide solution to form a peroxide-treated sawdust,
washing and drying the peroxide-treated sawdust at 50 to 150° C. to form a sulfonated and oxidized sawdust, and
milling and sieving the sulfonated and oxidized sawdust to form the modified sawdust sorbent,
wherein the modified sawdust sorbent has a dye adsorption capacity of 20 to 25 mg of dye per g of sorbent at 25 to 45° C.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sawdust is yellow pine sawdust.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sawdust is present in the sulfonating mixture in an amount of 45 to 65 wt % and the sulfuric acid is present in the sulfonating mixture in an amount of 35 to 55 wt %, each based on a total weight of the sulfonating mixture.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sulfuric acid is dilute sulfuric acid having a concentration of 0.1 to 4.2 mol/L.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein hydrogen peroxide is present in the hydrogen peroxide solution in an amount of 1 to 10 vol %, based on a total volume of the hydrogen peroxide solution.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating is performed at ambient temperature for 1 to 3 hours.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sieving is performed with a sieve with 400 to 800 gm openings.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the washing of the sulfonated sawdust and the washing of the peroxide-treated sawdust are performed with water.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating of the sulfonating mixture is performed in a vacuum oven at a pressure of 0.01 to 0.25 atm.
10. The method of claim 1 , where the drying of the sulfonated sawdust and the drying of the peroxide-treated sawdust are performed in a vacuum oven at a pressure of 0.01 to 0.25 atm.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified sawdust sorbent has a moisture content of 0.1 to 10 wt % based on a total weight of modified sawdust sorbent, a pH of 2 to 7, a density of 0.35 to 0.65 g/cm 3 , and a surface area of 1.75 to 2.85 m 2 /g.