Methods for manufacturing blade structures
A method for manufacturing a blade structure includes providing the blade structure comprising an outer surface having an aerodynamic profile. The method also includes applying one or more shape memory alloys to the outer surface of the blade structure so as to form an outer protection layer on at least a portion of the blade structure. Moreover, the method includes securing the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure.
1. A method for manufacturing a blade structure for a wind turbine, the method comprising:
providing the blade structure comprising an outer surface having an aerodynamic profile;
applying a sheet on the outer surface of the blade structure, wherein the sheet has a thickness ranging from about 0.25 millimeters (mm) to about 2 mm;
applying one or more shape memory alloys to the outer surface of the blade structure so as to form an outer protection layer on at least a portion of the blade structure, wherein applying the one or more shape memory alloys comprises coating the outer surface of the blade structure with a coating comprising the one or more shape memory alloys, wherein the sheet is applied before applying the one or more shape memory alloys; and
securing the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more shape memory alloys comprises a nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy, a NiTi-based alloy (e.g., a nickel-titanium-hafnium (NiTiHf) alloy, a nickel-titanium-vanadium (NiTiVd) alloy, a nickel-titanium-palladium (NiTiPd) alloy, a nickel-titanium-copper (NiTiCu), a nickel-titanium-niobium (NiTiNb) alloy), a nickel-aluminum-copper (Ni—Al—Cu) alloy and other non-nickel based alloys, such as titanium-niobium (Ti—Nb) alloys, copper-zinc-aluminum (CuZnAl) alloys, and copper-aluminum-beryllium (CuAlBe) alloys.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more shape memory alloys comprise the nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sheet is comprised of nickel, titanium, aluminum, steel, or alloys thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure comprises bonding the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure via an adhesive.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure comprises bonding the one or more shape memory allows to the rotor blade with a tape.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure comprises co-bonding the one or more shape memory alloys to the rotor blade.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the co-bonding comprises vacuum assisted resin infusion molding.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure comprises curing the one or more shape memory alloys to the blade structure during a lamination process.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying one or more shape memory alloys to the outer surface of the blade structure so as to form the outer protection layer on the blade structure comprises applying one or more shape memory alloys to a leading edge of the outer surface of the blade structure.
11. A rotor blade structure for a wind turbine, the rotor blade structure comprising:
a rotor blade comprising an outer surface that defines an aerodynamic profile;
a sheet applied on the outer surface of the blade structure, wherein the sheet has a thickness ranging from about 0.25 millimeters (mm) to about 2 mm;
an outer protection layer formed of one or more shape memory alloys, wherein the outer protection layer is adhered to at least a portion of the outer surface of the rotor blade so as to protect the outer surface of the rotor blade, wherein the outer protection layer comprises a coating applied to the outer surface, wherein the sheet is applied before applying the one or more shape memory alloys.
12. The rotor blade structure of claim 11 , wherein the one or more shape memory alloys comprises a nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy, a NiTi-based alloy (e.g., a nickel-titanium-hafnium (NiTiHf) alloy, a nickel-titanium-vanadium (NiTiVd) alloy, a nickel-titanium-palladium (NiTiPd) alloy, a nickel-titanium-copper (NiTiCu), a nickel-titanium-niobium (NiTiNb) alloy), a nickel-aluminum-copper (Ni—Al—Cu) alloy and other non-nickel based alloys, such as titanium-niobium (Ti—Nb) alloys, copper-zinc-aluminum (CuZnAl) alloys, and copper-aluminum-beryllium (CuAlBe) alloys.
13. The rotor blade structure of claim 11 , wherein the one or more shape memory alloys comprise a nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy.
14. The rotor blade structure of claim 11 , wherein the outer protection layer is adhered to the outer surface of the rotor blade with adhesive.
15. The rotor blade structure of claim 14 , wherein the adhesive comprises epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester, urethanes, silicones, or combinations thereof.
16. The rotor blade structure of claim 11 , wherein the outer protection layer is adhered to the outer surface of the rotor blade via a curing process.