Hydrocarbon distillation
Systems and methods are provided for increasing the efficiency of liquefied natural gas production and heavy hydrocarbon distillation. Air within an LNG production facility can be utilized as a heat source to provide heat to HHC liquid for distillation in a HHC distillation system. The mechanism of heat transfer from the air can be natural convection. Heat provided by natural gas, or compressed natural gas, can be also used for HHC distillation. Various other liquids can further be used to transfer heat to HHC liquid for distillation.
1. A system for producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) and electrical power, comprising:
a LNG production facility configured to receive a natural gas feedstock and to form liquefied natural gas from the natural gas feedstock, wherein the LNG production facility receives electrical power from an external power source; and
a power generation facility configured to create electrical power using the natural gas feedstock or an additional fuel source and to provide a first portion of the electrical power to the LNG production facility, wherein waste heat generated at the power generation facility is provided to the LNG production facility, the waste heat captured within natural gas by heating the natural gas prior to the natural gas being provided to the LNG production facility, and wherein the waste heat, captured within the natural gas, is used as a heat source to remove heavy hydrocarbon components from the natural gas feedstock in a heavy hydrocarbon component distillation system configured within the LNG production facility.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the external power source includes one of a local power grid and a battery bank.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the additional fuel source includes a fuel vapor received from the LNG production facility, the fuel vapor collected while reducing a pressure of the liquefied natural gas within the LNG production facility.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the additional fuel source includes one of petroleum fuel, diesel fuel, propane, and kerosene.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power generation facility is further configured to provide a second portion of the electrical power for storage in batteries or to a local power grid.
6. The system of claim 1 , where in the waste heat is used in a reboiler of an acid gas removal system or a dehydration dryer system.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the acid gas removal system removes carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the natural gas feedstock.
8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the dehydration dryer system removes water from the natural gas feedstock.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heavy hydrocarbon distillation system includes a first heat exchanger coupled to a distillation column containing the natural gas feedstock, the first heat exchanger configured to receive a fluid and to transfer heat from the fluid to the natural gas feedstock, such that the natural gas feedstock boils to form a vapor containing heavy hydrocarbon components.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the hydrocarbon distillation system is further configured to extract heat from the vapor such that desired heavy hydrocarbons condense to form a distilled heavy hydrocarbon liquid.
11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the fluid is ambient air.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the heat is transferred from the air via natural convection.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the heat is transferred from the air via forced convection.
14. The system of claim 11 , wherein the heat is transferred from air in the LNG production facility to the fluid via a second heat exchanger that is thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger.
15. The system of claim 10 , wherein the heat is transferred from the NG feedstock to the fluid via a second heat exchanger that is thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger.
16. The system of claim 10 , wherein the heat is transferred from a refrigerant to the fluid, the refrigerant having received heat from the NG feedstock.
17. The system of claim 10 , wherein a refrigerant is heated during compression and the heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the fluid after compression.