Methods of enabling base station functionality in a user equipment
In this invention, we disclose methods for enabling ad hoc cellular base station functionality within a user equipment when the connection quality between a base station and the user equipment is limited or nonexistent. These methods include measuring a connection quality between a user equipment and its serving base station. If the connection quality is below a threshold, the user equipment can enable its internal ad hoc cellular base station functionality. This is done by running a software within the user equipment that (a) checks the connection quality periodically, and (b) enables ad hoc cellular base station functionality of the connection threshold dips below a certain value. In one embodiment, that threshold could be the same threshold value that a user equipment would use if it were making a decision to handoff to another base station based on poor connection quality.
1. A computer implemented method of providing ad hoc cellular base station coverage using a user equipment comprising:
measuring at a first user equipment in communication with a mobile base station, a first connection quality between the first user equipment and the mobile base station;
measuring at a second user equipment in communication with the mobile base station, a second connection quality between the second user equipment and the mobile base station;
determining if the first connection quality or the second connection quality is less than a threshold value;
establishing a mesh communication link between the first user equipment and the second user equipment;
enabling an ad hoc cellular base station Long Term Evolution (LTE) eNodeB functionality within the first user equipment or the second user equipment based on the determination whether the first connection quality or the second connection quality is less than the threshold value; and
connecting as an eNodeB to a core cellular network via a mesh backhaul link from the ad hoc cellular base station at the first user equipment or the second user equipment to a second mobile base station,
thereby providing wireless connectivity to one or more users via the LTE eNodeB functionality at the ad hoc cellular base station.
2. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the mesh communication link is over a Wi-Fi network.
3. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:
receiving an authentication information from a core network database having core authentication information stored therein;
storing the authentication information into a memory within the first user equipment or the second user equipment; and
using the authentication information to authenticate a first user equipment or second user equipment.
4. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising running an arbitration protocol to determine whether the first user equipment or the second user equipment should enable the ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment or the second user equipment.
5. The computer implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising monitoring the first connection quality and the second connection quality to determine if either falls below a threshold level to determine if the first user equipment or the second user equipment should disable the ad hoc cellular base station functionality operating therein.
6. The computer implemented method of claim 5 , further comprising handing off in-progress calls to a mobile base station before disabling the ad hoc cellular base station functionality.
7. A computer implemented method of providing ad hoc cellular base station coverage using a first user equipment comprising:
measuring at the first user equipment in communication with a mobile base station a connection quality between the first user equipment and the mobile base station;
determining if the connection quality is less than a threshold value;
measuring at the first user equipment a network characteristic or an operational parameter; and
determining whether to enable an ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment based on the measured network characteristic or the measured operational parameter.
8. The computer implemented method of claim 7 , further comprising providing ad hoc cellular base station coverage using the first user equipment and a second user equipment comprising:
enabling an ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment and the second user equipment; and
creating a backhaul connection between the first user equipment and the second user equipment.
9. A first user equipment configured to provide ad hoc cellular base station coverage comprising:
transmit hardware;
receive hardware;
a power source;
a memory; and
a processor having computer readable software stored therein that causes the first user equipment to:
measure at the first user equipment in communication with a mobile base station a connection quality between the first user equipment and the mobile base station;
determine if the connection quality is less than a threshold value; and
enable an ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment based on the determination of whether the connection quality is less than a threshold value.
10. The first user equipment of claim 9 , wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to:
measure at a second user equipment a second connection quality between the second user equipment and the mobile base station;
determine if the first connection quality or the second connection quality is below a threshold value;
establish a mesh communication link between the first user equipment and the second user equipment; and
enable an ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment or the second user equipment.
11. The user equipment of claim 9 , wherein the mesh communication link is over a Wi-Fi network.
12. The first user equipment of claim 9 , wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to:
receive an authentication information from a core network database having core authentication information stored therein;
store the authentication information into a memory within the first user equipment or the second user equipment; and
use the authentication information to authenticate the first user equipment or the second user equipment.
13. The first user equipment of claim 9 , wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to run an arbitration protocol to determine whether the first user equipment or the second user equipment should enable the ad hoc cellular base station functionality within the first user equipment or the second user equipment.
14. The first user equipment of claim 9 , wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to monitor a first connection quality and a second connection quality to determine if the first user equipment or the second user equipment should disable the ad hoc cellular base station functionality operating therein.
15. The first user equipment of claim 14 , wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to hand off in-progress calls to the mobile base station before disabling the ad hoc cellular base station functionality.
16. The first user equipment of claim 14 wherein the computer readable software further causes the first user equipment to:
enable an ad hoc cellular base station functionality within a first user equipment and a second user equipment; and
create a backhaul connection between the first user equipment and the second user equipment.