Inhibitors of DUX4 induction for regulation of muscle function
Disclosed are methods and compositions for the treatment of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. In some cases, the methods and compositions involve the use of kinase inhibitors include Src, Syk, Abl, Tie, Flt, ErbB, Trk, PRKDC, and Yes families to repress DUX4 expression in muscle cells. Further disclosed are methods and cell based assays for screening compounds for the treatment of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.
1. A method for modulating DUX4 activity in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject in need thereof a composition comprising a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having the structure of Formula (I):
wherein the compound comprises: 1-(3-tert-butyl-1-(quinolin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridine-4-yloxy)phenyl)urea;
wherein E1 is phenyl;
wherein A is pyrazolyl N-substituted with A1-6 quinoline;
A ring is substituted at any substitutable position with one A1 moiety, wherein A1 is selected from:
wherein the symbol (**) is a point of attachment to the A ring of formula I;
X2 is a direct bond wherein E1 is directly linked to the NR3 group of formula I;
X3 is —O—;
Z3 is H;
Z6 is —C(O)N(R3) 2 , specifically —C(O)NHCH3
R3 is independently and individually selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6alkyl specifically CH3.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modulating DUX4 activity comprises reducing expression of DUX4.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reduction of DUX4 expression occurs at the mRNA level or at the protein level.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein DUX4 expression is monitored by monitoring DUX4 mRNA expression, DUX4 protein expression, or both DUX4 mRNA expression and DUX4 protein expression.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DUX4 target gene is one or more genes selected from the group consisting of CCNA1, KHDC1L, LEUTX, M8D3L2, PRAMEF2, PRAMEF6, SPRYD5, TRIM43, TRIM49, ZNF296, and ZSCAN4.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising conducting a muscle or tissue biopsy on the subject in need thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising monitoring a level of the compound in the subject over time.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound comprises rebastinib, 4-(4-(3-(3-(tert-butyl)-1-(quinolin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)ureido)-2-methylphenoxy)-N-methylpicolinamide, or 4-(4-(3-(3-(tert-butyl)-1-(1H-indazol-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)ureido)-3-fluorophenoxy)-N-methylpicolinamide.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein prior to, following or both prior to and following administration of the compound, the method further comprises monitoring one or more of the following in the subject in need thereof: one or more markers of muscle injury, one or more muscle enzymes, creatinine kinase, aldolase, DUX4, or any combination thereof.