Method of making an osteoconductive fibrous article and a medical implant comprising such osteoconductive fibrous article
The disclosure relates to a method of making a bioceramic coating on a fibrous article for use in a medical implant, comprising steps of providing an article comprising fibers made from a biocompatible, non-biodegradable polymer; coating at least the fibers that will be in contact with bone upon use as an implant with a solution of a coating polymer to result in coated fibers having a coating polymer layer; treating the coated fibers with a dispersion of bioactive ceramic particles 0.01-10 μm in a treating solvent comprising a solvent for the coating polymer in at least one step; and substantially removing the treating solvent; to result in the particles being partly embedded in the coating polymer layer of the coated fibers.
1. A method of making a bioceramic coating on a fibrous article for use in a medical implant comprising the steps of:
a) providing an article comprising fibers comprising a biocompatible, non-biodegradable polymer;
b) coating at least a portion of the fibers with a solution comprising 0.2-10 mass % of a coating polymer comprising a thermoplastic elastomer and a first solvent for the coating polymer and drying such that the first solvent is substantially removed, to result in coated fibers comprising a coating polymer layer, wherein the coating polymer is biocompatible and non-biodegradable;
c) treating the coated fibers, after drying the coated fibers, with a particle dispersion that is substantially devoid of coating polymer and comprises bioactive ceramic particles of particle size 0.01-10 μm in a treating solvent, to result in a swollen or softened coating polymer layer, the treating solvent comprising a second solvent for the coating polymer, wherein the second solvent for the coating polymer may be the same or different than the first solvent for the coating polymer; and
d) substantially removing the treating solvent, wherein the treatment of the coated fibers with the particle dispersion and removal of the treating solvent are sufficient to form the coating polymer layer of the coated fibers with the particles partly embedded in the coating polymer layer and exposed at the surface of the article, and wherein, after removing the treating solvent, the coating polymer layer has a thickness that is about half the d50 particle size of the particles.
2. A The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fibrous article comprises fibers made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in a twisted, knitted, braided or woven fiber construction.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a solution comprising 0.5-4 mass % of coating polymer is used for coating the fibers.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane block copolymer comprises the residue of a poly(hexamethylene carbonate)diol.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bioactive ceramic particles comprise at least one of calcium phosphate and bioactive glass particles.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bioactive ceramic particles have a particle size of 0.1-6 μm.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the particle dispersion is substantially free of dispersion aids and surfactants.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of treating the coated fibers with a particle dispersion is repeated at least three times prior to substantially removing the treating solvent.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein treating with the particle dispersion, results in a mass increase of the fibrous article after removing the treating solvent of 0.1-15 mass %.
10. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of pretreating the article with a pre-wetting liquid comprising a solvent or a non-solvent for the coating polymer, wherein the pre-wetting liquid is a non-solvent for the biocompatible, non-biodegradable polymer.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the particle dispersion comprises a solvent for the coating polymer and a non-solvent for the coating polymer, wherein the non-solvent for the coating polymer has a lower boiling point than the solvent for the coating primer.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein step d results in at least a portion of the coating polymer layer being exposed at the surface of the article.
13. A The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyurethane having a durometer hardness of from 40 ShA to 80 ShD as measured with the Shore test.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein drying in step b is accomplished by evaporation of the first solvent in combination with reduced pressure or inert gas flow.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of treating is performed by dip coating by submerging the coated fibers in the particle dispersion for 1-20 seconds.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the article is an all-suture anchor comprising a suture connected to a tubular anchor body.