Process for the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
The present invention relates to a process for the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene comprising the stages: i) in a first reactor, bringing 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene into contact with hydrofluoric acid in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, in order to produce a stream A comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HF and unreacted 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; and ii) in a second reactor, bringing hydrofluoric acid into contact, in the gas phase in the presence or absence of a catalyst, with at least one chlorinated compound selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane, 2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene and 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene, in order to produce a stream B comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, characterized in that the stream A obtained in stage i) feeds said second reactor used for stage ii); and in that the pressure at the inlet of said first reactor of stage i) is greater than the pressure at the inlet of said second reactor of stage ii).
1. A process for the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene comprising the stages:
i. in a first reactor, bringing 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene into contact with hydrofluoric acid in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, in order to produce a stream A comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HF and unreacted 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; and
ii. in a second reactor, bringing hydrofluoric acid into contact, in the gas phase in the presence or absence of a catalyst, with at least one chlorinated compound selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane, 2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene and 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene, in order to produce a stream B comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene,
wherein the stream A obtained in stage i) feeds said second reactor used for stage ii); and the pressure at the inlet of said first reactor of stage i) is greater than the pressure at the inlet of said second reactor of stage ii).
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pressure difference between the pressure at the inlet of said first reactor and the pressure at the inlet of said second reactor is from 100 mbar to 3.5 bar.
3. The process as claimed claim 1 , wherein stage i) and stage ii) are carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
4. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the catalyst is based on chromium and also comprises a co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Co, Mn and Mg.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stream B also comprises 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HF, HCl and 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stream B is purified in order to form a first stream comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HCl and 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane and a second stream comprising HF and 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
7. The process as claimed in claim 6 , wherein said second stream is recycled in stage i).
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said stream A and said at least one chlorinated compound are brought into contact prior to the entry of these into said second reactor.
9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the temperature at which stage i) is carried out is different from that at which stage ii) is carried out; and the difference between the temperature at which stage i) is carried out and the temperature at which stage ii) is carried out is greater than 0.2° C. and less than 60° C.
10. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stream B is cooled to a temperature of less than 100° C., then distilled in order to form a first stream comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, HCl and 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, and a second stream comprising HF and 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and possibly 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; the temperature at the distillation column top is from −35° C. to 10° C. and the distillation is carried out at a pressure from 2 to 6 bara; said second stream obtained at the distillation column bottom is recycled in stage i).
11. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the catalyst is a chromium-based catalyst comprising a chromium oxyfluoride, a chromium oxide, a chromium fluoride or a mixture of these.