Systems and methods for monitoring off-road vehicles
A vehicle (e.g., an agricultural vehicle or other off-road vehicle) comprising a track system can be monitored to obtain information regarding the vehicle, including information regarding the track system, such as one or more parameters (e.g., a temperature, a pressure, an acceleration, an identifier, etc.) of the track system and/or one or more characteristics of an environment of the track system (e.g., a compliance, a profile, a soil moisture level, etc. of the ground beneath the track system), which can be used for various purposes, such as, for example, to: convey the information to a user (e.g., an operator of the vehicle); control the vehicle (e.g., a speed of the vehicle, operation of a work implement, etc.); transmit the information to a remote party (e.g., a provider such as a manufacturer or distributor of the track system and/or of the vehicle; a supplier of a substance such as fertilizer used where the vehicle is located; etc.); control equipment (e.g., an irrigation system, a fertilizing system, etc.) external to the vehicle; etc.
1. A track for traction of a vehicle, the track being mountable around a track-engaging assembly configured to move the track around the track-engaging assembly, the track-engaging assembly comprising a plurality of wheels for engaging the track, the track being elastomeric to flex around the track-engaging assembly, the track comprising:
a ground-engaging outer surface for engaging the ground;
an inner surface opposite to the ground-engaging outer surface;
elastomeric material;
a monitoring device configured to issue a signal, the monitoring device comprising an electronic component carried by an electronic component substrate, and a piezoelectric generator configured to power the monitoring device, wherein the piezoelectric generator has a piezoelectric element deformable in response to deformation of a portion of the elastomeric material of the track to generate power, wherein the piezoelectric generator has an electrical conductor electrically interconnecting the piezoelectric element and the electronic component; and
a protective substance coated on at least a portion of the electronic component of the monitoring device and allowing the signal to pass through the protective substance and the elastomeric material of the track, wherein the protective substance is inside the elastomeric material and engages the electronic component, the electrical conductor, and the piezoelectric generator, wherein the protective substance encapsulates the electronic component substrate, and wherein a portion of the piezoelectric generator extends from the protective substance and is uncovered by the protective substance.
2. A track for traction of a vehicle, the track being mountable around a track-engaging assembly configured to move the track around the track-engaging assembly, the track-engaging assembly comprising a plurality of wheels for engaging the track, the track being elastomeric to flex around the track-engaging assembly, the track comprising:
a ground-engaging outer surface for engaging the ground;
an inner surface opposite to the ground-engaging outer surface;
elastomeric material;
a monitoring device configured to issue a signal, the monitoring device comprising a piezoelectric generator configured to power the monitoring device, the piezoelectric generator comprising a piezoelectric element embedded in a portion of the elastomeric material of the track, wherein the piezoelectric element is deformable in response to deformation of the portion of the elastomeric material of the track to generate power, wherein the piezoelectric generator has an electrical conductor electrically interconnecting the piezoelectric element and an electronic component of the monitoring device, wherein the electronic component is carried by an electronic component substrate; and
a protective substance that is inside the elastomeric material and engages the electronic component, the electrical conductor, and the piezoelectric generator, wherein the protective substance encapsulates the electronic component substrate, and wherein a portion of the piezoelectric generator extends from the protective substance and is uncovered by the protective substance.
3. The track of claim 1 , wherein: the monitoring device is configured to monitor the track; and the signal relates to a characteristic of the track.
4. The track of claim 3 , wherein the characteristic of the track is a temperature of the track.
5. The track of claim 1 , wherein: the monitoring device is configured to monitor soil on which the vehicle moves; and the signal relates to the soil.
6. The track of claim 5 , wherein the signal relates to compaction of the soil.
7. The track of claim 5 , wherein: the monitoring device comprises a moisture sensor configured to sense a moisture level of the soil; and the signal relates to the moisture level of the soil.
8. The track of claim 5 , wherein: the monitoring device comprises a chemical sensor configured to sense a chemical characteristic of the soil; and the signal relates to the chemical characteristic of the soil.
9. The track of claim 1 , wherein: the monitoring device is configured to monitor at least one of the track and a road travelled upon by the vehicle; and the signal relates to positioning of the track relative to the road.
10. The track of claim 9 , wherein the signal is directed to a powertrain of the vehicle to operate the powertrain of the vehicle differently when the vehicle is off-road than when the vehicle is on-road.
11. The track of claim 1 , wherein the signal relates to a substance used where the vehicle travels.
12. The track of claim 1 , wherein the signal relates to equipment external to the vehicle.
13. The track of claim 12 , wherein the equipment comprises at least one of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment.
14. The track of claim 1 , wherein the protective substance is malleable at least during application of the protective substance onto at least the portion of the electronic component of the monitoring device.
15. The track of claim 14 , wherein the protective substance is malleable after application of the protective substance onto the monitoring device during use of the track.
16. The track of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric element is bendable in response to bending of the portion of the elastomeric material of the track to generate power.
17. The track of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric element comprises a piezoelectric film.
18. The track of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric generator comprises a piezoelectric substrate supporting the piezoelectric element.
19. The track of claim 18 , wherein: the monitoring device comprises a sensor; the electronic component is part of the sensor; and the piezoelectric substrate is contiguous to and engages the electronic component substrate.
20. The track of claim 1 , wherein: the monitoring device comprises a sensor; the protective substance coats the electronic component and a substrate of the sensor; and a sensing element of the sensor extends outside of the protective substance.
21. The track of claim 1 , wherein the signal is indicative of a level of wear of the track.
22. The track of claim 1 , wherein the signal relates to servicing of the track.