Natural circulation multi-circulation package boiler for steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process
A boiler includes a steam drum, an intermediate drum, and a lower drum. Each drum is divided into a clean section and a concentrated section. A channel that is fluidly connected to the clean section also runs down one side of the concentrated section in the intermediate drum and the lower drum. The presence of the channels permits low-quality feedwater tubes and high-quality feedwater tubes to be arranged in parallel rows next to each other.
1. A boiler, comprising:
an intermediate drum comprising (A) a first internal divider within the intermediate drum that divides the intermediate drum into an intermediate drum clean section and an intermediate drum concentrated section, and (B) an intermediate drum channel that is fluidly connected to the intermediate drum clean section, the intermediate drum channel running adjacent a sidewall of the intermediate drum through the first internal divider to a distal end of the intermediate drum concentrated section;
a lower drum comprising (A) a second internal divider within the lower drum that divides the lower drum into a lower drum clean section and a lower drum concentrated section, and (B) a lower drum channel that is fluidly connected to the lower drum clean section, the lower drum channel running adjacent a sidewall of the lower drum through the second internal divider to a distal end of the lower drum concentrated section;
a furnace defined by a furnace sidewall and a baffle wall, wherein tubes in a front portion of the furnace sidewall and a front portion of the baffle wall extend between the intermediate drum channel and the lower drum channel;
a clean section steam generating bank extending between the intermediate drum clean section and the lower drum clean section; and
a concentrated section steam generating bank extending between the intermediate drum concentrated section and the lower drum concentrated section.
2. The boiler of claim 1 , wherein in a gas flowpath, the clean section steam generating bank is downstream of the furnace and upstream of the concentrated section steam generating bank.
3. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the clean section steam generating bank and the concentrated section steam generating bank are located on an opposite side of the baffle wall from the furnace.
4. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the concentrated section steam generating bank is located so that heat flux on the concentrated section steam generating bank is less than 20,000 BTU/hr-ft 2 .
5. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the furnace, the clean section steam generating bank, and the concentrated section steam generating bank operate by natural circulation, and do not contain mechanical pumps.
6. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the intermediate drum channel to a cross-sectional area of the intermediate drum (inner diameter) is from about 0.1 to about 0.3.
7. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the lower drum channel to a cross-sectional area of the lower drum (inner diameter) is from about 0.1 to about 0.3.
8. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising:
a steam drum comprising a third internal divider within the steam drum that divides the steam drum into a steam drum clean section and a steam drum concentrated section, the third internal divider including a veer that fluidly connects the steam drum clean section and the steam drum concentrated section.
9. The boiler of claim 8 , further comprising:
at least one clean section riser extending between the intermediate drum clean section and the steam drum clean section; and
at least one concentrated section riser extending between the intermediate drum concentrated section and the steam drum concentrated section.
10. The boiler of claim 8 , further comprising:
at least one clean section downcomer extending between the steam drum clean section and the lower drum clean section; and
at least one concentrated section downcomer extending between the steam drum concentrated section and the lower drum concentrated section.
11. The boiler of claim 8 , wherein the steam drum is located above the intermediate drum, and the intermediate drum is located above the lower drum.
12. The boiler of claim 8 , wherein the steam drum comprises a scrubber and a perforated plate.
13. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a rear wall extending between the furnace sidewall and a boiler sidewall.
14. The boiler of claim 13 , wherein multi-lead ribbed (MLR) tubing is used in the furnace sidewall, the rear wall, the boiler sidewall, the baffle wall, an area of the clean section steam generating bank, or an area of the concentrated section steam generating bank.
15. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising an economizer downstream of the concentrated section steam generating bank in a gas flowpath.
16. The boiler of claim 15 , further comprising an air preheater downstream of the economizer.
17. The boiler according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising burners located at a front end of the boiler, and adapted to provide a heated gas to the furnace.
18. The boiler of claim 17 , further comprising a burner wall comprising tubes which run between the intermediate drum channel and the lower drum channel, the burner wall being located in front of the burners and including burner openings.
19. A method for using a boiler, comprising:
receiving a boiler that comprises
an intermediate drum comprising (A) an intermediate drum divider within the intermediate drum that divides the intermediate drum into an intermediate drum clean section and an intermediate drum concentrated section, and (B) an intermediate drum channel that is fluidly connected to the intermediate drum clean section, the intermediate drum channel running adjacent a sidewall of the intermediate drum through the intermediate drum divider to a distal end of the intermediate drum concentrated section;
a lower drum comprising (A) a lower drum divider within the lower drum that divides the lower drum into a lower drum clean section and a lower drum concentrated section, and (B) a lower drum channel that is fluidly connected to the lower drum clean section, the lower drum channel running adjacent a sidewall of the lower drum through the lower drum divider to a distal end of the lower drum concentrated section;
a furnace defined by a furnace sidewall and a baffle wall, wherein tubes in a front portion of the furnace sidewall and a front portion of the baffle wall extend between the intermediate drum channel and the lower drum channel;
a clean section steam generating bank extending between the intermediate drum clean section and the lower drum clean section; and
a concentrated section steam generating bank extending between the intermediate drum concentrated section and the lower drum concentrated section; and
using steam generated by the boiler.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the boiler further comprises:
a steam drum comprising a steam drum divider within the steam drum that divides the steam drum into a steam drum clean section and a steam drum concentrated section, the steam drum divider including a veer that fluidly connects the steam drum clean section and the steam drum concentrated section; and
the method further comprises:
feeding water into to the steam drum clean section.