Floor panel
A floor may include a substrate having a top side and a bottom side. A top layer may be provided on the substrate. The top layer may consist of a printed thermoplastic film and a thermoplastic transparent or translucent layer provided on the printed thermoplastic film. The top layer may be directly adhered to the substrate by heat welding the printed thermoplastic film and the top side of the substrate, in the absence of a glue layer. The substrate may be a synthetic material board including a filler. The substrate at least at two opposite edges may include coupling means provided in the synthetic material board. The thermoplastic transparent or translucent layer may be provided with a structure.
1. A method for manufacturing panels; said panels comprising a synthetic material board and at least a print and a transparent or translucent wear layer located on top of said synthetic material board; the method comprising:
a first step of extruding said synthetic material board;
a second step of providing said print to said synthetic material board;
a third step of providing said wear layer to said synthetic material board;
wherein at least said first and said second step are performed continuously on the same production line;
wherein said second step and third step, collectively, comprise adhering one or more synthetic material films to said synthetic material board, said one or more synthetic material films comprising a polyvinyl chloride film with said print being applied thereto and a translucent or transparent vinyl layer having a thickness of at least 0.2 millimeters essentially forming said wear layer;
further comprising a step of mechanically embossing said wear layer;
wherein the polyvinyl chloride film with said print is undisturbed from the step of mechanically embossing the wear layer such that impressions formed from the step of mechanically embossing the wear layer are limited in depth to the wear layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein boards are formed comprising said synthetic material board, said print and said wear layer produced from said first, second and third steps, from which, by means of a subsequent dividing operation, a plurality of said panels is obtained from each of said boards.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said panels are rigid and cannot be wound up.
4. The method of claim 1 , said method further comprising a step of providing mechanical coupling means to said panels; said mechanical coupling means allowing to couple said panels at their edges to one or more similar panels.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said third step is executed before said step of mechanically embossing.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said synthetic material board is an extruded polyvinyl chloride board.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said synthetic material board is a foamed synthetic material board.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the synthetic material board has an average density of at least 600 kilograms per cubic meter.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the synthetic material board has a local density on one or two flat sides which is higher than in a central portion of the synthetic material board.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wear layer includes hard particles in a concentration of 5 to 20 grams per square meter disposed in the translucent or transparent vinyl layer, the hard particles having a greater hardness than the vinyl layer.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hard particles have an average grain size between 30 and 120 micrometers.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hard particles are formed from aluminum oxide.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wear layer has a thickness of 0.25 to 0.7 millimeters.
14. A method for manufacturing panels; said panels comprising a synthetic material board and at least a print and a transparent or translucent wear layer located on top of said synthetic material board; the method comprising:
a first step of extruding said synthetic material board;
a second step of providing said print to said synthetic material board;
a third step of providing said wear layer to said synthetic material board;
wherein at least said first and said second step are performed continuously on the same production line;
wherein said second step and third step, collectively, comprise adhering one or more synthetic material films to said synthetic material board, said one or more synthetic material films comprising a polyvinyl chloride film with said print being applied thereto and a translucent or transparent vinyl layer having a thickness of at least 0.2 millimeters essentially forming said wear layer;
wherein a back layer is positioned in between the synthetic material board and said print, and the back layer is coextruded together with said synthetic material board.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein said back layer has a thickness that is at least 45 percent of the thickness of a top layer formed on top of said synthetic material board.
16. The method of claim 14 , further comprising positioning a backing layer at a side of the synthetic material board which is opposite to a side having said print.