Exhaust gas heating element
An exhaust gas heating unit for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a jacket heating conductor element ( 12 ) including a jacket ( 16 ) and with an electrical heating conductor ( 14 ), which extends in the jacket and is enclosed by insulating material ( 18 ). A heat transfer surface formation ( 20 ) is arranged on, and in heat transfer contact with, an outer side of the jacket. The heat transfer surface formation includes a heat transfer element with a meandering extent along the jacket heating conductor element with a plurality of heat transfer element sections ( 32 ), which pass over into one another in bent areas ( 30 ) and are arranged following one another in a longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element. Each heat transfer element section in association with the jacket heating conductor element has a passage opening ( 34 ), through which the jacket heating conductor element passes.
1. An exhaust gas heating unit for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas heating unit comprising:
a jacket heating conductor element comprising a jacket, insulating material and an electrical heating conductor extending in the jacket and enclosed by the insulating material; and
a heat transfer surface formation arranged on an outer side of the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element and in heat transfer contact with the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element, the heat transfer surface formation comprising a heat transfer element with a meandering extent along the jacket heating conductor element having a plurality of heat transfer element sections, which transition from one heat transfer element section into another heat transfer element sections in bent areas and with the heat transfer element sections arranged following one another in a longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element, wherein each of the heat transfer element sections has a passage opening, through which the jacket heating conductor element passes.
2. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein:
the jacket is comprised of metallic material; or
the heat transfer surface formation is connected to the jacket by frictional engagement; or
the heat transfer surface formation is connected to the jacket by connection in substance; or
any combination of the jacket is comprised of metallic material, and the heat transfer surface formation is connected to the jacket by frictional engagement, and the heat transfer surface formation is connected to the jacket by connection in substance.
3. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein:
the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a linear extent in at least some areas; or
the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a helical extent in at least some areas; or
the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a spiral extent in at least some areas; or
the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a meandering extent in at least some areas; or
any combination of the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a linear extent in at least some areas, and the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a helical extent in at least some areas, and the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a spiral extent in at least some areas, and the jacket heating conductor element is configured with a meandering extent in at least some areas.
4. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein:
at least some of the heat transfer element sections are arranged essentially parallel in relation to one another; or
at least some of the heat transfer element sections are arranged essentially at right angles in relation to the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element; or
at least some of the heat transfer element sections are arranged essentially parallel in relation to one another and at least some of the heat transfer element sections are arranged essentially at right angles in relation to the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element.
5. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein at least some of the heat transfer element sections are bent at an angle different from 90° in relation to the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element.
6. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 5 , wherein:
at least two of the heat transfer element sections that are directly adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element are arranged with a V-shaped configuration in relation to one another; or
at least one of the heat transfer element sections is arranged essentially parallel to one of the heat transfer element sections following in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element; or
at least two of the heat transfer element sections that are directly adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element are arranged with a V-shaped configuration in relation to one another and at least one of the heat transfer element sections is arranged essentially parallel to one of the heat transfer element sections following in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element.
7. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein at least one of the heat transfer element sections is arranged essentially parallel to a heat transfer element section directly adjacent on a first side thereof in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element, and is configured with a V-shape with one of the heat transfer element sections located directly adjacent on a second side thereof located opposite the first side in the longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element.
8. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein at least one of the heat transfer element sections comprises a collar, which encloses the passage opening, the collar projecting from the at least one of the heat transfer element sections and being in contact with the jacket heating conductor element.
9. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein:
at least some of the heat transfer element sections, between the bent areas defining same, have a same length of extension; or
at least some of the heat transfer element sections are essentially unbent; or
at least some of the heat transfer element sections, between the bent areas defining same, have a same length of extension, and at least some of the heat transfer element sections are essentially unbent.
10. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the heat transfer element is comprised of an aluminum material.
11. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a heat transfer surface of the heat transfer surface formation comprises catalytically active material in at least some areas.
12. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 11 , wherein the catalytically active material comprises:
platinum; or
palladium; or
rhodium; or
any combination of platinum, and palladium, and rhodium.
13. An exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 11 , wherein the catalytically active material comprises:
iron zeolite material; or
copper zeolite material; or
vanadium oxide material; or
any combination of iron zeolite material, and copper zeolite material, and vanadium oxide material.
14. A process for manufacturing an exhaust gas heating unit comprising a jacket heating conductor element comprising a jacket, insulating material and an electrical heating conductor extending in the jacket and enclosed by the insulating material, and a heat transfer surface formation arranged on an outer side of the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element and in heat transfer contact with the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element, the heat transfer surface formation comprising a heat transfer element with a meandering extent along the jacket heating conductor element having a plurality of heat transfer element sections, which transition from one heat transfer element section into another heat transfer element sections in bent areas with the heat transfer element sections arranged following one another in a longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element, wherein each of the heat transfer element sections has a passage opening, through which the jacket heating conductor element passes, the process comprising the steps of:
providing a strip-like blank for the heat transfer element;
alternatingly bending the strip-like blank in mutually opposite bending directions to provide the bent areas at spaced locations from one another in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like blank and to provide the heat transfer element sections extending between the bent areas;
preparing a plurality of the passage openings following one another in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like blank before, after or during said step of alternatingly bending the strip-like blank; and
subsequent to said step of preparing a plurality of the passage openings, inserting the jacket heating conductor element into the passage openings arranged aligned with one another.
15. A process for manufacturing an exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 14 , wherein:
at least one of the heat transfer element sections comprises a collar, which encloses the passage opening, the collar projecting from the at least one of the heat transfer element sections and being in contact with the jacket heating conductor element; and
the collar enclosing the passage opening is formed in said step of preparing a plurality of the passage openings in association with the at least one passage opening.
16. A process for manufacturing an exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 15 , wherein in said step of preparing a plurality of the passage openings, passage openings following one another directly in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like blank, collars for each of the openings are formed in a projecting form on mutually opposite sides of the strip-like blank.
17. A process for manufacturing an exhaust gas heating unit in accordance with claim 14 , wherein before or during said step of inserting the jacket heating conductor element into the passage openings, the heat transfer element sections are held, overlapping one another, at a mutual jacket heating conductor element insertion distance in relation to one another, so that the passage openings are oriented towards one another, after which the jacket heating conductor element is passed through the passage openings, and the heat transfer element sections are released and assume a mutual distance in relation to one another, which is greater than a jacket heating conductor element insertion distance.
18. An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
an exhaust gas flow duct; and
an exhaust gas heating unit arranged in the exhaust gas flow duct, the exhaust gas heating unit comprising a jacket heating conductor element comprising a jacket, insulating material and an electrical heating conductor extending in the jacket and enclosed by the insulating material, and a heat transfer surface formation arranged on an outer side of the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element and in heat transfer contact with the jacket of the jacket heating conductor element, the heat transfer surface formation comprising a heat transfer element with a meandering extent along the jacket heating conductor element having a plurality of heat transfer element sections, which transition from one heat transfer element section into another heat transfer element sections in bent areas with the heat transfer element sections arranged following one another in a longitudinal direction of the jacket heating conductor element, wherein each of the heat transfer element sections has a passage opening, through which the jacket heating conductor element passes.
19. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 18 , further comprising an exhaust gas treatment unit comprising a catalytic converter unit or a particle filter unit or both a catalytic converter unit and a particle filter unit wherein the exhaust gas heating unit is arranged in an exhaust gas flow direction in the exhaust gas flow duct upstream in relation to the exhaust gas treatment unit.
20. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 18 , wherein:
a heat transfer surface of the heat transfer surface formation comprises catalytically active material in at least some areas; and
the catalytically active material and the catalytic converter unit are associated with a same type of catalytic converter.
21. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 18 , further comprising a hydrocarbon release device associated with the exhaust gas heating unit for releasing hydrocarbon into the exhaust gas stream upstream in relation to the exhaust gas heating unit.
22. An exhaust system in accordance with claim 18 , wherein the exhaust gas heating unit is manufactured by a process comprising the steps of:
providing a strip-like blank for the heat transfer element;
alternatingly bending the strip-like blank in mutually opposite bending directions to provide the bent areas at spaced locations from one another in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like blank and to provide the heat transfer element sections extending between the bent areas;
preparing a plurality of the passage openings following one another in the longitudinal direction of the strip-like blank before, after or during said step of alternatingly bending the strip-like blank; and
subsequent to said step of preparing a plurality of the passage openings, inserting the jacket heating conductor element into the passage openings arranged aligned with one another.