Spectroscope

1. A spectroscope, comprising:

a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other;

a light introducing assembly on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate;

a temperature adjusting assembly located between the first substrate and the second substrate;

a liquid crystal dimming assembly located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the temperature adjusting assembly is configured to adjust a temperature of the liquid crystal dimming assembly, so as to adjust a spectrum of light passing through the liquid crystal dimming assembly;

a spectroscopic grating located on the first substrate;

a reflector located on the second substrate and configured to reflect incident light introduced by the light introducing assembly to the spectroscopic grating; and

a plurality of sensors configured to receive the incident light after being subjected to light splitting by the spectroscopic grating, wherein a wavelength of the incident light received by each sensor of the plurality of sensors is different.

2. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature adjusting assembly comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode is configured to adjust the temperature of the liquid crystal dimming assembly.

3. The spectroscope according to claim 2 , wherein the first electrode is located on the first substrate, the second electrode is located on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal dimming assembly is located between the first electrode and the second electrode.

4. The spectroscope according to claim 2 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the first substrate, or the first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the second substrate.

5. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature adjusting assembly comprises a heating resistor, and the heating resistor is configured to adjust the temperature of the liquid crystal dimming assembly.

6. The spectroscope according to claim 3 , wherein a region between the first substrate and the second substrate comprises:

a first region that receives the light introducing assembly, the liquid crystal dimming assembly, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the reflector; and

a second region that receives the plurality of sensors, wherein the spectroscopic grating is at least partially located in the second region.

7. The spectroscope according to claim 6 , further comprising:

a first light-shielding layer located in the first region and between the first substrate and the first electrode, wherein the first light-shielding layer has a first opening, and the light introducing assembly introduces the incident light through the first opening.

8. The spectroscope according to claim 6 , further comprising:

a second light-shielding layer located in the first region and between the second substrate and the second electrode, wherein the second light-shielding layer has a second opening, and the reflector is located in the second opening.

9. The spectroscope according to claim 6 , further comprising:

a light-transmissive filling medium filled in the second region.

10. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopic grating comprises a reflective planar diffraction grating.

11. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal dimming assembly comprises a liquid crystal cell, a liquid crystal microcapsule, or a liquid crystal film.

12. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein liquid crystal contained in the liquid crystal dimming assembly is composed of a cholesteric liquid crystal.

13. The spectroscope according to claim 2 , further comprising:

a voltage adjustment assembly connected to the first electrode and the second electrode.

14. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the light introducing assembly comprises an optical fiber or a lens.

15. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein a number and positions of the plurality of sensors depend on an incident angle of the incident light, a position and a spectral capability of the reflector, and/or a position of the spectroscopic grating.

16. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopic grating is located on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, and the plurality of sensors are located on one of a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, or a surface of the second substrate away from the first substrate.

17. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopic grating is located on a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the plurality of sensors are located on a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate or a surface of the second substrate away from the first substrate.

18. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopic grating is embedded in the first substrate, and the plurality of sensors are located on one of a surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, or a surface of the second substrate away from the first substrate.

19. The spectroscope according to claim 1 , wherein the reflector is made of a metal material.