Coil-in-coil springs with non-linear loading responses and mattresses including the same
A coil-in-coil spring is provided that exhibits a variable and non-linear loading response upon compression. The spring comprises a continuous wire including a first spring portion having a first spring constant, a second spring portion having a second spring constant less than the first spring constant, and a third spring portion having a third spring constant less than the first spring constant and less than the second spring constant. In the coil-in-coil spring, the first spring portion forms an outer coil of the coil-in-coil spring and the second spring portion, the third spring portion, or both the second spring portion and the third spring portion are positioned within the first spring portion and form an inner coil of the coil-in-coil spring. A multi-coil spring is also provided that includes an outer coil, an intermediate coil positioned within the outer coil, and an inner coil positioned with the intermediate coil.
1. A coil-in-coil spring, comprising:
a continuous wire including:
a first spring portion having a first spring constant and forming an outer coil of the coil-in-coil spring, said first spring portion having a height, said first spring portion including an upper end convolution and a first plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from a lower end of the intermediate convolutions to the upper end convolution;
a second spring portion having a second spring constant greater than said first spring constant, the second spring portion having a height less than the height of the outer coil, said second spring portion being positioned within said first spring portion and forming an inner coil, said second spring portion including an upper end convolution and a second plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from a lower end of the second spring portion to the upper end convolution of the second spring portion; and,
a third spring portion having a conical shape and third spring constant which varies, said third spring portion being less than said second spring portion, the third spring portion being positioned in either:
at an upper end of said second spring portion and within said first spring portion or, at an upper end of said first spring portion;
the third spring portion having a transition convolution and a third plurality of convolutions of differing diameter;
wherein each of said first spring portion, said second spring portion and said third spring portion are of different diameters and different spring constants;
wherein the third plurality of convolutions is less than the first plurality of helical intermediate convolutions and is less than the second plurality of helical intermediate convolutions, and said third spring portion deactivating during compression of the coil-in-coil spring so that said first spring portion, or both said first and second spring portions remain active.
2. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 1 , wherein the continuous wire is encased in a flexible enclosure to form a plurality of pocketed coil-in-coil springs.
3. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 2 , wherein the third spring portion is positioned above the first spring portion.
4. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 3 , wherein the first spring portion includes a transition convolution and a plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the transition convolution to a lower end of the coil-in-coil spring; and
wherein the third spring portion includes an upper end convolution and the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the upper end convolution of the third spring portion to the transition convolution of the first spring portion, each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the third spring portion being of differing diameters and having a respective diameter, the diameter of each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the third spring portion progressively increasing as the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the third spring portion extends from the upper end convolution of the third spring portion to the transition convolution of the first spring portion.
5. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the first spring portion has a respective diameter, the diameter of each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the first spring portion being substantially the same.
6. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 4 , wherein the second spring portion includes an upper end convolution and the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the lower end of the second spring portion to the upper end convolution of the second spring portion, each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the second spring portion having a respective diameter, the diameter of each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the second spring portion being substantially the same.
7. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 6 , wherein the continuous wire defines a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the first spring portion, a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion, and a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the third spring portion;
wherein the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion is less than the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the first spring portion; and
wherein the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the third spring portion is less than the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion.
8. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 2 , wherein the second spring portion and the third spring portion are both positioned within the first spring portion and both form an inner coil of the coil-in-coil spring.
9. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 8 , wherein the second spring portion includes a transition convolution and a plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from a lower end of the coil-in-coil spring to the transition convolution, each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the second spring portion having respective diameter, the diameter of each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the second spring portion being substantially the same.
10. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 9 , wherein said third spring portion includes an upper end convolution and a plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the transition convolution to the upper end convolution of the third spring portion, each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the third spring portion having a respective diameter, the diameter of each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions of the third spring portion progressively increasing in one direction.
11. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 2 , said third spring portion being a conical shape.
12. A coil-in-coil spring, comprising:
a continuous wire including:
a first spring portion having a first spring constant and forming an outer coil of the coil-in-coil spring, said first spring portion having a height, said first spring portion including an upper end convolution and a first plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from a lower end of the intermediate convolutions to the upper end convolution;
a second spring portion having a second spring constant greater than said first spring constant, the second spring portion having a height less than the height of the outer coil and forming an inner coil, said second spring portion including an upper end convolution and a second plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from a lower end of the second spring portion to the upper end convolution of the second spring portion; and
a third spring portion having a conical shape and a third spring constant which varies and is less than said second spring portion, the third spring portion being positioned above the second spring portion and both said second spring portion and said third spring portion disposed within said first spring portion;
the third spring portion having a transition convolution and at least two convolutions of differing diameter defining a substantially conical shape;
wherein each of said first spring portion, said second spring portion and said third spring portion are of different diameters and different spring constants;
wherein the at least two convolutions is less than the first plurality of helical intermediate convolutions and is less than the second plurality of helical intermediate convolutions, and said third spring portion deactivates during compression of the coil-in-coil spring so that said first spring portion or both said first and second spring portion remain active.
13. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 12 , wherein the outer coil includes the upper end convolution and the first plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the upper end convolution of the outer coil to a lower end of the coil-in-coil spring;
wherein the second spring portion includes the upper end convolution and the second plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the lower end of the coil-in-coil spring to the upper end convolution of the second spring portion; and
wherein the third spring portion includes a lower end convolution and a plurality of helical intermediate convolutions extending from the upper end convolution of the second spring portion to the upper end convolution of the third spring portion.
14. The coil-in-coil spring of claim 13 , wherein the continuous wire defines a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the outer coil, a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion, and a pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the third spring portion;
wherein the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion is less than the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the outer coil; and
wherein the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the third spring portion is less than the pitch between each of the plurality of helical intermediate convolutions in the second spring portion.