Device, system and methods for the oral delivery of therapeutic compounds
Embodiments of the invention provide swallowable devices, preparations and methods for delivering drugs and other therapeutic agents within the GI tract. Particular embodiments provide a swallowable device such as a capsule for delivering drugs into the intestinal wall or other GI lumen. Embodiments also provide various drug preparations that are configured to be contained within the capsule, advanced from the capsule into the intestinal wall and degrade within the wall to release the drug to produce a therapeutic effect. The preparation can be coupled to a delivery mechanism having one or more balloons or other expandable devices which are expandable responsive to a condition in the small intestine or other GI lumen to advance the preparation out of the capsule into the intestinal wall. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for the delivery of drugs which are poorly absorbed, tolerated and/or degraded within the GI tract.
1. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device comprising:
a capsule sized to pass through the gastrointestinal tract;
a drug preparation;
a tissue penetrating member disposed in the capsule, the tissue penetrating member comprising the drug preparation; and
a delivery mechanism for advancing the tissue penetrating member from the capsule to the lumen wall, the delivery mechanism comprising:
an expandable member; and
a piston-cylinder assembly operably coupled to the expandable member and to the tissue penetrating member, wherein the piston-cylinder assembly comprises a piston slidably disposed in a cylinder, wherein the piston-cylinder assembly is at least partially disposed in the expandable member;
wherein the expandable member is configured to expand to cause the piston-cylinder assembly to apply a force against the tissue penetrating member and advance the drug preparation into the lumen wall.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the expandable member comprises:
first and second compartments separated by a releasable valve which releases upon exposure to fluid in the gastrointestinal tract; and
a first reactant contained in one of the compartments and a second reactant contained in the other compartment, wherein when the valve releases, the first and second reactants mix to produce a gas which expands the expandable member.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the piston is configured to advance the tissue penetrating member into the lumen wall by applying the force upon expansion of the expandable member.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cylinder is coupled to the expandable member.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the delivery mechanism further comprises a pressure-sensitive release for preventing the piston-cylinder assembly from applying the force until the expandable member generates a threshold pressure.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the capsule comprises a capsule wall, and wherein at least a portion of the capsule wall is degradable by contact with fluid in the gastrointestinal tract.
7. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device comprising:
a capsule sized to pass through the gastrointestinal tract;
a tissue penetrating member disposed in the capsule, the tissue penetrating member comprising a therapeutic agent preparation; and
a delivery mechanism disposed in the capsule for advancing the tissue penetrating member from the capsule to the lumen wall, the delivery mechanism comprising:
an expandable member;
a cylinder coupled to the expandable member; and
a piston slidably disposed in the cylinder, the piston being operably coupled to the expandable member and to the tissue penetrating member, wherein the cylinder is at least partially disposed in the expandable member,
wherein the expandable member is configured to expand to cause the piston to apply a force against the tissue penetrating member and advance the therapeutic agent preparation into the lumen wall.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the expandable member comprises:
first and second compartments separated by a releasable valve which releases upon exposure to fluid in the gastrointestinal tract; and
a first reactant contained in one of the compartments and a second reactant contained in the other compartment, wherein when the valve releases, the first and second reactants mix to produce a gas which expands the expandable member.
9. The device of claim 7 , wherein the piston is configured to advance the tissue penetrating member into the lumen wall by applying the force upon expansion of the expandable member.
10. The device of claim 7 , wherein the delivery mechanism further comprises a pressure-sensitive release for preventing the piston from applying the force until the expandable member generates a threshold pressure.
11. The device of claim 7 , wherein the capsule comprises a capsule wall, and wherein at least a portion of the capsule wall is degradable by contact with fluid in the gastrointestinal tract.
12. An ingestible device suitable for swallowing into a lumen of a gastrointestinal tract of a patient, the lumen having a lumen wall, the device comprising:
a swallowable capsule;
a tissue penetrating member disposed in the capsule, the tissue penetrating member configured to deliver a therapeutic agent preparation comprising at least one therapeutic agent into the lumen wall; and
a delivery mechanism disposed in the capsule for advancing the tissue penetrating member from the capsule into the lumen wall, the delivery mechanism comprising:
an expandable member;
a cylinder coupled to the expandable member; and
a piston slidably disposed in the cylinder, the piston being operably coupled to the expandable member and to the tissue penetrating member, wherein the cylinder is at least partially disposed in the expandable member,
wherein the expandable member is configured to expand to cause the piston to advance the tissue penetrating member into the lumen wall.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the expandable member comprises:
first and second compartments separated by a releasable valve which releases upon exposure to fluid in the gastrointestinal tract; and
a first reactant contained in one of the compartments and a second reactant contained in the other compartment, wherein when the valve releases, the first and second reactants mix to produce a gas which expands the expandable member.
14. The device of claim 12 , wherein the piston is configured to advance the tissue penetrating member into the lumen wall by applying a force to the tissue penetrating member upon expansion of the expandable member.
15. The device of claim 12 , wherein the delivery mechanism further comprises a pressure-sensitive release for preventing the piston from advancing the tissue penetrating member until the expandable member generates a threshold pressure.
16. The device of claim 12 , wherein the capsule comprises a capsule wall, and wherein at least a portion of the capsule wall is degradable by contact with fluid in the gastrointestinal tract.