LED-based light fixture
An illumination system is disclosed that is arranged to compensate for variations in brightness between different LEDs in the system. The system may include an array of LEDs coupled to a light guide that is provided with a plurality of light extraction patterns. Each light extraction pattern may include a plurality of light extraction features. The light extraction patterns may differ from one another in the density of the features. Light extraction patterns having a greater density may be combined with LEDs in the array that are less bright, whereas light extraction patterns having a lower feature density may be combined with LEDs in the array that are brighter.
1. An illumination system, comprising:
a light guide having a first portion and a second portion,
the first portion configured to be illuminated with a first light that has a first incident brightness,
the second portion configured to be illuminated with a second light that has a second incident brightness different from the first incident brightness,
the first portion configured to extract a first fraction of the first light from the light guide to form first exiting light that has a first exiting brightness,
the second portion configured to extract a second fraction of the second light from the light guide to form second exiting light that has a second exiting brightness,
a ratio of the second exiting brightness to the first exiting brightness being closer to unity than a ratio of the second incident brightness to the first incident brightness.
2. The illumination system of claim 1 , wherein the second exiting brightness is substantially equal to the first exiting brightness.
3. The illumination system of claim 1 , wherein:
the first light, when operational, has a first operational brightness; and
the second light, when operational, has a second operational brightness generally equal to the first operational brightness.
4. The illumination system of claim 1 , wherein:
the first portion of the light guide has a first density of light extraction features that are configured to extract the first fraction of the first light; and
the second portion of the light guide has a second density of light extraction features that are configured to extract the second fraction of the second light, the second density differing from the first density.
5. The illumination system of claim 4 , wherein the light extraction features are all substantially the same size and shape.
6. The illumination system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first group of light-emitting diodes configured to produce the first light; and
a second group of light-emitting diodes configured to produce the second light.
7. The illumination system of claim 6 , further comprising a linear driver configured to:
electrically power the first group of light-emitting diodes with a first electrical signal having a first duty cycle; and
electrically power the second group of light-emitting diodes with a second electrical signal having a second duty cycle, the second duty cycle differing from the first duty cycle.
8. The illumination system of claim 7 , wherein the linear driver includes:
a first tap point configured to generate the first electrical signal; and
a second tap point configured to generate the second electrical signal.
9. The illumination system of claim 7 , further comprising a driver circuit configured to:
direct an alternating current into a full bridge rectifier to produce a cyclical waveform; and
direct the cyclical waveform as an input into the linear driver.
10. The illumination system of claim 6 , wherein:
the light guide is generally planar and circular;
the first group of light-emitting diodes are arranged around a circumferential edge of the light guide;
the first group of light-emitting diodes are arranged to direct the first light into the first portion of the light guide;
the first group of light-emitting diodes are arranged to propagate the first light in the first portion of the light guide generally toward a center of the light guide;
the second group of light-emitting diodes are arranged around the circumferential edge of the light guide;
the second group of light-emitting diodes are arranged to direct the second light into the second portion of the light guide; and
the second group of light-emitting diodes are arranged to propagate the second light in the second portion of the light guide generally toward the center of the light guide.
11. The illumination system of claim 10 , wherein:
the first portion of the light guide extends from the center of the light guide to a first circumferential portion around the circumferential edge of the light guide; and
the second portion of the light guide extends from the center of the light guide to a second circumferential portion around the circumferential edge of the light guide.
12. The illumination system of claim 1 , wherein:
the light guide has a third portion and a fourth portion;
the third portion is configured to be illuminated with a third light that has a third incident brightness different from the first incident brightness and the second incident brightness;
the fourth portion is configured to be illuminated with a fourth light that has a fourth incident brightness different from the first incident brightness, the second incident brightness, and the third incident brightness;
the third portion is configured to extract a third fraction of the third light from the light guide to form third exiting light that has a third exiting brightness; and
the fourth portion is configured to extract a fourth fraction of the fourth light from the light guide to form fourth exiting light that has a fourth exiting brightness.
13. The illumination system of claim 12 , wherein:
a ratio of the fourth exiting brightness to the first exiting brightness is closer to unity than a ratio of the fourth incident brightness to the first incident brightness;
a ratio of the fourth exiting brightness to the second exiting brightness is closer to unity than a ratio of the fourth incident brightness to the second incident brightness;
a ratio of the fourth exiting brightness to the third exiting brightness is closer to unity than a ratio of the fourth incident brightness to the third incident brightness;
a ratio of the third exiting brightness to the second exiting brightness is closer to unity than a ratio of the third incident brightness to the second incident brightness; and
a ratio of the third exiting brightness to the first exiting brightness is closer to unity than a ratio of the third incident brightness to the first incident brightness.
14. An illumination system, comprising:
a light guide having a first portion and a second portion,
the first portion configured to be illuminated with a first light that has a first duty cycle and a first incident brightness,
the second portion configured to be illuminated with a second light that has a second duty cycle different from the first duty cycle and has a second incident brightness,
the first portion of the light guide having a first density of light extraction features that are configured to configured to extract a first portion of the first light to form first output light that has a first exiting brightness,
the second portion of the light guide having a second density of light extraction features that are configured to configured to extract a second portion of the second light to form second output light that has a second exiting brightness,
a ratio of the second exiting brightness to the first exiting brightness being closer to unity than a ratio of the second incident brightness to the first incident brightness.
15. The illumination system of claim 14 , wherein the second exiting brightness is substantially equal to the first exiting brightness.
16. The illumination system of claim 14 , wherein:
the first light, when operational, has a first operational brightness; and
the second light, when operational, has a second operational brightness generally equal to the first operational brightness.
17. The illumination system of claim 14 , further comprising:
a first group of light-emitting diodes configured to produce the first light; and
a second group of light-emitting diodes configured to produce the second light.
18. The illumination system of claim 17 , further comprising a linear driver,
the linear driver including a first tap point configured to generate a first electrical signal having a first duty cycle,
the linear driver configured to electrically power the first group of light-emitting diodes with the first electrical signal,
the linear driver including a second tap point configured to generate a second electrical signal having a second duty cycle different from the first duty cycle,
the linear driver configured to electrically power the second group of light-emitting diodes with the second electrical signal.
19. The illumination system of claim 18 , further comprising a driver circuit configured to:
direct an alternating current into a full bridge rectifier to produce a cyclical waveform; and
direct the cyclical waveform as an input into the linear driver.
20. A light fixture, comprising:
a driver circuit configured to direct an alternating current into a full bridge rectifier to produce a cyclical waveform;
a linear driver configured to receive the cyclical waveform,
the linear driver including a first tap point configured to generate a first electrical signal having a first duty cycle,
the linear driver including a second tap point configured to generate a second electrical signal having a second duty cycle different from the first duty cycle;
a first group of light-emitting diodes configured to be electrically powered from the first electrical signal and produce a first light;
a second group of light-emitting diodes configured to be electrically powered from the second electrical signal and produce a second light; and
a light guide having a first portion configured to be illuminated with the first light and a second portion configured to be illuminated with the second light,
the first portion of the light guide having a first density of light extraction features that are configured to extract a first fraction of the first light,
the second portion of the light guide having a second density of light extraction features that are configured to extract a second fraction of the second light,
the second density differing from the first density.