Integrated process and catalysts for manufacturing hydrogen iodide from hydrogen and iodine
The present invention provides a process for producing hydrogen iodide. The process includes providing a vapor-phase reactant stream comprising hydrogen and iodine and reacting the reactant stream in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product stream comprising hydrogen iodide. The catalyst includes at least one selected from the group of nickel, cobalt, iron, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, and iron oxide. The catalyst is supported on a support.
1. A process for producing hydrogen iodide, the process comprising: providing a vapor-phase reactant stream comprising hydrogen and iodine; and reacting the reactant stream in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product stream comprising hydrogen iodide, wherein the catalyst consists of at least one selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, and iron oxide, and wherein the catalyst is supported on a support.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the providing step, the hydrogen comprises less than about 500 ppm by weight of water and less than about 500 ppm by weight of oxygen.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the providing step, the iodine comprises less than about 500 ppm by weight of water.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the providing step, a mole ratio of the hydrogen to the iodine in the reaction stream is from about 1:1 to about 10:1.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the mole ratio of the hydrogen to the iodine in the reaction stream is from about 2.5:1 to about 3:1.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the support is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite, silicon carbide, metal oxides, and combinations thereof.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the support is a metal oxide support, the metal oxide support is selected from the group consisting of alumina, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconia, chromia, and combinations thereof.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst consists of nickel and the support is alumina.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein catalyst is from about 0.1 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of the total weight of the catalyst and the support.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein in the reacting step, a contact time of the reactant stream with the catalyst is from about 0.1 second to about 1,800 seconds.
11. The process of claim 1 , further comprising heating the reactant stream to a reaction temperature from about 150° C. to about 600° C. before the reacting step.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the product stream further comprises unreacted iodine and the process further comprises the additional steps of:
separating the unreacted iodine from the product stream as solid iodine;
heating the solid iodine to produce liquid iodine; and
vaporizing the liquid iodine and returning the vaporized iodine to the reactant stream.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the process is a continuous process.
14. The process of claim 12 , wherein the product stream further comprises unreacted hydrogen and the process further comprises the additional steps of:
separating the hydrogen from the product stream; and
returning the separated hydrogen to the reactant stream.
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein separating the hydrogen from the product stream includes:
compressing the product stream; and
subjecting the compressed product stream to flash cooling.
16. A process for producing hydrogen iodide, the process comprising the following steps:
reacting hydrogen and iodine in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product stream comprising hydrogen iodide and unreacted iodine, wherein the catalyst consists of at least one selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, and iron oxide, and wherein the catalyst is supported on a support;
removing at least some of the unreacted iodine from the product stream by cooling the product stream to form solid iodine, the solid iodine forming in one of:
a first iodine removal vessel; or
a second iodine removal vessel;
producing liquid iodine from the solid iodine by:
heating the first iodine removal vessel to liquefy the solid iodine when cooling the product stream through the second iodine removal vessel; or
heating the second iodine removal vessel to liquefy the solid iodine when cooling the product stream through the first iodine removal vessel; and
vaporizing the liquid iodine and recycling the vaporized iodine to the reactant stream.
17. The process of claim 16 , wherein the product stream further comprises unreacted hydrogen and the process further comprises the additional steps of:
separating the hydrogen from the product stream; and
recycling the separated hydrogen to the reacting step.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein separating the hydrogen from the product stream includes:
compressing the product stream; and
subjecting the compressed product stream to flash cooling.
19. The process of claim 17 , wherein the process is a continuous process.
20. The process of claim 17 , wherein the support is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite, silicon carbide, metal oxides, and combinations thereof.
21. The process of claim 20 , wherein the support is a metal oxide support, the metal oxide support is selected from the group consisting of alumina, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconia, chromia, and combinations thereof.
22. The process of claim 17 , wherein reacting hydrogen and iodine in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst is at a reaction temperature from about 150° C. to about 600° C.