Coalescing filter media
Filter media, filter elements, and methods for filtering an gas stream are described herein. In some embodiments, the filter media may comprise a fiber web comprising a plurality of fibers and having a particular oil repellency level. For instance, in certain embodiments, the surface chemistry of the fiber web may be tailored to impart a particular surface energy density that matches the surface energy density of the fluid (e.g., an oil, a lubricant, and/or a cooling agent) being removed from the gas stream. In some embodiments, the fiber web may be wrapped around a core. For example, the fiber web may be wrapped around the core such that it forms two or more layers around the core. In some cases, the fiber web may be perforated. In certain embodiments, an gas stream comprising a fluid (e.g., an oil, a lubricant, and/or a cooling agent) may be passed through the fiber web, filter media, and/or filter element such that at least a portion of the fluid coalesces on the fiber web. Fiber webs, filter media, and/or filter elements as described herein may be particularly well-suited for applications that involve filtering gas streams containing oil, lubricants, and/or cooling agents (e.g., gas streams generated by a compressor) though the media may also be used in other applications. Advantageously, the fiber webs, filter media, and/or filter elements described herein may significantly reduce or prevent fouling of the filter caused by oil or other liquids.
1. A filter element, comprising:
a core; and
a fiber web wrapped around the core, wherein the fiber web comprises:
a plurality of fibers having an average fiber diameter of at least 0.01 microns and less than or equal to 50 microns;
a basis weight of at least 1 g/m 2 and less than or equal to 270 g/m 2 ; and
a thickness of at least 0.01 mm and less than or equal to 5.0 mm,
wherein the fiber web has an oil repellency level of between 4 or greater and 6 or less, and
wherein the fiber web has an oil carry over of less than 20%.
2. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the fiber web is pleated.
3. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter element comprises at least two layers of the fiber web.
4. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the core comprises a wire mesh.
5. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter element comprises binder fibers, wherein a weight percentage of the binder fibers present in the fiber web is at least about 0 wt % and less than or equal to about 10 wt %.
6. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the fiber web is corrugated and/or embossed.
7. The filter element of claim 1 , comprising glass fibers, wherein the weight percentage of glass fibers present in the fiber web is greater than or equal to about 0% and less than or equal to about 99% by weight of the total fibers in the fiber web.
8. The filter element of claim 1 , comprising synthetic fibers, wherein the weight percentage of synthetic fibers present in the fiber web is greater than or equal to about 1% and less than or equal to about 100% by weight of the total fibers in the fiber web.
9. The filter element of claim 1 , comprising cellulose fibers, wherein the weight percentage of cellulose fibers present in the fiber web is greater than or equal to about 1% and less than or equal to about 100% by weight of the total fibers in the fiber web.
10. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the fiber web has at least one modified surface.
11. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein at least one surface of the fiber web is coated with a coating.
12. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the fiber web has an initial efficiency of greater than or equal to about 80% and less than or equal to about 99.99%.
13. The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter element comprises a support layer.
14. The filter element of claim 13 , wherein the support layer comprises a plurality of fibers.
15. The filter element of claim 11 , wherein the coating comprises a fluorinated species.
16. The filter element or filter element of claim 11 , wherein the coating comprises a graft copolymer, a silane, a hydrocarbon, a fluorocarbon, and/or a siloxane.
17. The filter element or filter element of claim 11 , wherein the coating is a chemical vapor deposition coating.
18. A filter media, comprising:
a fiber web, wherein the fiber web comprises:
a plurality of fibers having an average fiber diameter of at least 0.01 microns and less than or equal to 50 microns;
a basis weight of at least 1 g/m 2 and less than or equal to 270 g/m 2 ; and
a thickness of at least 0.01 mm and less than or equal to 5.0 mm,
wherein the fiber web has an oil repellency level of between 4 or greater and 6 or less, and
wherein the fiber web comprises a plurality of perforations having an average cross-sectional dimension of at least about 1 mm.
19. A system comprising the filter element of claim 1 , wherein the filter element is positioned downstream of a device for generating a gas stream including an oil, lubricant, and/or cooling agent, wherein the oil, lubricant, and/or cooling agent has a surface tension of between 22 mN/m and 33 mN/m measured at 23° C. and 50% RH.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the device comprises a compressor, a distillation column, an evaporator, a thermal oil ventilator, a crankcase ventilator, a combustion engine, and/or an exhaust conduit.