Parallel optical coherence tomography apparatuses, systems, and related methods

1. A snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer comprising:

(a) a light source configured to provide a plurality of beamlets;

(b) a first optical system comprising a sample objective lens configured to project certain of the plurality of beamlets onto a sample and collect beamlets reflected from the sample;

(c) a second optical system comprising a reference objective lens configured to project certain of the plurality of beamlets onto a reflecting surface and collect beamlets reflected from the reflecting surface; and

(d) an optical image mapper configured to spatially separate the plurality of beamlets, wherein the tomographer generates a plurality of interferograms by recombining the beamlets reflected from the sample and the beamlets reflected from the reflecting surface.

2. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 1 , further comprising a photodetector configured to receive spectral components of each of the plurality of interferograms and provide in parallel photon quantification.

3. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 2 , further wherein the tomographer performs inverse transforms on the photon quantifications and quantifies intensities at each depth, and wherein the tomographer interprets the intensities and provides an aggregate response of the sample.

4. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 3 , wherein the aggregate response quantifies nerve fiber thinning and an amount of retinal thickening.

5. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 1 , wherein the light source is selected from an array of broadband low-coherence light sources, a single broadband low-coherence light source, a superluminous diode, and a supercontinuum laser.

6. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 1 , wherein plurality of beamlets enter the optical image mapper and are converted to a linear array.

7. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 6 , wherein the optical image mapper comprises a plurality of optical fibers.

8. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 6 , further comprising a prism, wherein the plurality of beamlets from the optical image mapper are projected to the prism.

9. The snapshot spectral domain optical coherence tomographer of claim 1 , further comprising a first faceted prism array and a second faceted prism array, wherein the plurality of beamlets enter the first faceted prism array as a rectilinear array and convert the rectilinear array into a linear array and the second faceted prism array makes the plurality of beamlets coplanar.

10. A system for imaging an eye comprising:

(a) a light source;

(b) a beam splitter configured to split a plurality of beamlets form the light source into a reference arm and a sample arm, wherein the reference arm is projected onto a reflecting surface and the sample arm is projected onto the eye;

(c) an interferometer configured to provide a plurality of interferograms from recombined beamlets from the reference are and the sample arm after reflection off the reflecting surface and the eye; and

(d) a photodetector configured to receive spectral components of each the interferograms and provide photon quantifications; and

(e) a computer processor configured with computer-executable instructions that cause the computer processor to quantify nerve fiber thinning and/or retinal thickening based on the photon quantifications.

11. The system of claim 10 , further comprising an optical image mapper.

12. The system of claim 10 , further comprising a spectrometer configured to disperse the plurality of interferograms.

13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of beamlets are converted into a linear array.

14. The system of claim 10 , wherein the computer processor is configured to perform inverse transforms on the photon quantifications and quantify intensities at each depth and interpret the intensities and provide an aggregate response.

15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the aggregate response quantifies the nerve fiber thinning and the retinal thickening.

16. The system of claim 14 , further comprising a visual display for displaying the aggregate response to a user.

17. The system of claim 10 , further comprising an input device for accepting user commands.

18. The system of claim 10 , wherein the light source is selected from an array of broadband low-coherence light sources, a single broadband low-coherence light source, a superluminous diode, and a supercontinuum laser.

19. A method for imaging an eye comprising:

providing a plurality of beamlets from a light source;

transmitting the plurality of beamlets to a beam splitter, wherein the beam splitter splits the plurality of beamlets into a reference arm and a sample arm;

reflecting the reference arm on a reflecting surface;

reflecting the sample arm on the eye;

recombining beamlets reflected from the reflecting surface and the eye;

generating a plurality of interferograms; and

receiving and separating the plurality of interferograms by an optical image mapper.