Isolated power converter for a thermal system
A power converter system provides adjustable power to a heater and includes an input rectifier and a full-bridge isolating converter. The input rectifier is configured to rectify a line power having a line energy. The full-bridge isolating converter configured to generate an isolated output voltage based on the rectified line power. The isolated output voltage is electrically isolated from the line energy.
1. A power converter system for providing adjustable power to a heater, the power converter system comprising:
an input rectifier configured to rectify a line power having a line energy;
a full-bridge isolating converter comprising a full-bridge rectifier, wherein the full-bridge isolating converter is configured to generate an isolated output voltage based on the rectified line power, wherein the isolated output voltage is electrically isolated from the line energy; and
a power controller configured to operate the full-bridge rectifier to generate the isolated output voltage, wherein:
the power controller is configured to perform a variable frequency control to generate an output voltage that is less than or equal to a voltage limited power setpoint as the isolated output voltage; and
the variable frequency control comprises reducing a switching frequency of the full-bridge rectifier from a standard frequency to a first frequency, reducing a pulse period of the full-bridge rectifier when the switching frequency is equal to the first frequency, and reducing the switching frequency from the first frequency to a second frequency when the pulse period is reduced.
2. The power converter system of claim 1 , wherein the full-bridge isolating converter further comprises:
a transformer electrically coupled to the full-bridge rectifier, wherein the transformer is configured to generate an isolated full-wave voltage; and
an output rectifier configured to rectify the isolated full-wave voltage to generate the isolated output voltage.
3. The power converter system of claim 1 , wherein the full-bridge rectifier includes a first pair of electronic switches and a second pair of electronic switches to drive the transformer with the rectified line power.
4. The power converter system of claim 2 further comprising a bridge sensor configured to detect an electric current through a primary winding of the transformer to detect flux walk.
5. The power converter system of claim 1 further comprising a filter configured to filter the isolated output voltage to output a desired output voltage.
6. The power converter system of claim 1 , wherein the input rectifier is configured to receive, as the line power, one of a single-phase alternating current (AC) or a direct current (DC).
7. A control system comprising:
the power converter system of claim 1 ; and
a primary system controller configured to determine a desired output voltage and control the power converter system to generate the desired output voltage.
8. A method of converting power to operate a load being supplied by line power having a line energy comprising:
rectifying the line power; and
switchably driving a transformer with the rectified line power to generate an adjustable electrically isolated full-wave voltage;
rectifying the electrically isolated full-wave voltage to obtain an isolated output voltage that is indicative of a desired output voltage applied to the load, wherein current is drawn from the line power in phase with the isolated output voltage; and
performing a variable frequency control when the desired output voltage is less than a voltage limited power setpoint to drive the transformer at a switching frequency less than that of when the desired output voltage is greater than the voltage limited power setpoint, wherein the variable frequency control includes reducing a switching frequency from a standard frequency to a first frequency, reducing a pulse period when the switching frequency is equal to the first frequency, and reducing the switching frequency from the first frequency to a second frequency when the pulse period is reduced.
9. The method of claim 8 further comprising filtering the isolated output voltage to obtain the desired output voltage.
10. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
detecting an electric current through a primary winding of the transformer; and
performing a corrective action when the electric current is greater than a flux current threshold.
11. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
detecting an applied voltage, wherein the applied voltage is at least one of the line power or the rectified line power; and
performing a corrective action when the applied voltage exceeds a predefined voltage range.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the line power is one of a single-phase alternating current (AC) or a direct current (DC).
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein switchably driving the transformer further comprises alternatingly driving a first pair of electronic switches and a second pair of electronic switches, wherein the first pair of electronic switches and the second pair of electronic switches form a full-bridge rectifier.
14. A power converter system for providing a desired output voltage to a heater, the power converter system comprising:
an input rectifier configured to rectify a line power having a line energy;
a transformer configured to generate an isolated full-wave voltage;
a full-bridge rectifier electrically coupled to the transformer and operable to drive the transformer to generate the isolated full-wave voltage based on the rectified line power;
an output rectifier configured to rectify the isolated full-wave voltage to generate an isolated output voltage indicative of the desired output voltage;
a bridge sensor configured to measure a bridge current flowing through the transformer; and
a power controller configured to operate the full-bridge rectifier to drive the transformer, wherein:
the power controller is configured to perform a variable frequency control to generate an output voltage that is less than or equal to a voltage limited power setpoint as the isolated output voltage; and
the variable frequency control comprises reducing a switching frequency of the full-bridge rectifier from a standard frequency to a first frequency, reducing a pulse period of the full-bridge rectifier when the switching frequency is equal to the first frequency, and reducing the switching frequency from the first frequency to a second frequency when the pulse period is reduced.
15. The power converter system of claim 14 , wherein the power controller is configured to determine a flux walk state in response to the bridge current being greater than or equal to a flux current threshold, and the power controller is configured to perform a corrective action in response to the flux walk state.
16. The power converter system of claim 14 further comprising a filter configured to filter the isolated output voltage to output the desired output voltage.
17. The power converter system of claim 14 , wherein the input rectifier is configured to receive, as the line power, one of a single-phase alternating current (AC) or a direct current (DC).