Dual-wheel HVAC system and method having improved dew point control
A dedicated outdoor air system and method that is capable of operating over a broader spectrum of conditions. The HVAC system of the present invention utilizes a heating means positioned within the return air passageway in order to optimize the regeneration of the desiccant wheel and energy recovery device. By positioning a heating means upstream of the regeneration side of the desiccant wheel, the system is capable of providing supply air having low dew points to the enclosed space while still providing improved energy efficiency over conventional HVAC systems.
1. A HVAC system, comprising:
(a) a plurality of air suppliers for creating a plurality of distinct air streams, the plurality of air suppliers comprising a first air supplier for creating a first air stream; a second air supplier for creating a second air stream; and a third air supplier for creating a third air stream;
(b) a cooling means positioned within the first air stream;
(c) a heating means positioned within the third air stream;
(d) an energy recovery device defining a regeneration side and a process side, wherein the process side of the energy recovery device is positioned in the first air stream at a position upstream of the cooling means, and wherein the regeneration side of the energy recovery device is positioned in the second air stream;
(e) a desiccant wheel defining a regeneration side and a process side, wherein the process side of the desiccant wheel is positioned in the first air stream at a position downstream of the cooling means, and wherein the regeneration side of the desiccant wheel is positioned partially within the second air stream and partially within the third air stream at a position downstream of the heating means.
2. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the heating means is an indirect heating heat exchanger.
3. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the cooling means is an indirect cooling heat exchanger.
4. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the heating means is an indirect heat exchanger comprising a hot water coil, and wherein the cooling means is an indirect cooling heat exchanger comprising a chilled water coil.
5. The HVAC system of claim 1 , wherein the heating means is a condenser and the cooling means is a direct-expansion evaporator coil.
6. The HVAC system of claim 1 , further comprising an enclosure having a supply air passageway and a first return air passageway, and a second return air passageway, wherein the first air stream is transmitted through the supply air passageway, the second air stream is transmitted through the first return air passageway, and the third air stream is transmitted through the second return air passageway.
7. The HVAC system of claim 6 , wherein the process side of the energy recovery device is positioned in the supply air passageway, and wherein the regeneration side of the energy recovery device is positioned in the first return air passageway.
8. The HVAC system of claim 7 , wherein the process side of the desiccant wheel is positioned in the supply air passageway, and wherein the regeneration side of the desiccant wheel is positioned partially within the first return air passageway and partially within the second return air passageway.
9. The HVAC system of claim 8 , wherein the desiccant wheel is configured to rotate in a first direction such that a section of the desiccant wheel cycles successively through the supply air passageway, the first return air passageway, and then the second return air passageway.
10. A method of providing air to an indoor space, comprising:
(a) providing a supply air stream from an outdoor space;
(b) passing a first portion of the supply air stream through a process side of an energy recovery wheel to produce a second portion of the supply stream;
(c) cooling the second portion of the supply air stream to produce a third portion of the supply air stream, wherein an amount of the cooling is based on a desired characteristic associated with air provided to the indoor space;
(d) passing the third portion of the supply air stream through a process side of a desiccant wheel to produce a fourth portion of the supply air stream;
(e) providing the fourth portion of the supply air stream to an indoor space, wherein the fourth portion of the supply air stream is associated with the desired characteristic;
(f) receiving a return air stream from the indoor space, wherein the return air stream is subdivided into a first return air stream and a second return air stream;
(g) passing a first portion of the first return air stream through a first regeneration section of the desiccant wheel to produce a second portion of the first return air stream;
(h) preheating a first portion of the second return air stream to produce a preheated second portion of the second return air stream;
(i) passing the second portion of the second return air stream through a second regeneration section of the desiccant wheel to produce a third portion of the second return air stream, wherein at least a percentage of the third portion of the second return air stream is exhausted into the outdoor space;
(j) passing the second portion of the first return air stream through a regeneration side of the energy recovery wheel to produce a third portion of the first return air stream; and
(k) exhausting the third portion of the first return air stream into the outdoor space.
11. A HVAC system, comprising:
(a) a first fan for creating a first air stream within a supply air passageway; a second fan for creating a second air stream within a first return air passageway; and a third fan for creating a third air stream with a second return air passageway;
(b) a cooling means positioned within the supply air passageway;
(c) a heating means positioned within the second return air passageway;
(d) an energy recovery wheel defining a regeneration side and a process side, wherein the process side of the energy recovery wheel is positioned in the supply air passageway at a position upstream of the cooling means, and wherein the regeneration side of the energy recovery wheel is positioned in the first return air passageway;
(e) a desiccant wheel defining a regeneration side and a process side, wherein the process side of the desiccant wheel is positioned in the supply air passageway at a position downstream of the cooling means, and wherein the regeneration side of the desiccant wheel is positioned partially within the first return air passageway and partially within the second return air passageway at a position downstream of the heating means.
12. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the heating means is an indirect heating heat exchanger.
13. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the cooling means is an indirect cooling heat exchanger.
14. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the heating means is an indirect heat exchanger comprising a hot water coil, and wherein the cooling means is an indirect cooling heat exchanger comprising a chilled water coil.
15. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the heating means is a condenser and the cooling means is a direct-expansion evaporator coil.
16. The HVAC system of claim 11 , wherein the desiccant wheel is configured to rotate in a first direction such that a section of the desiccant wheel cycles successively through the supply air passageway, the first return air passageway, and then the second return air passageway.