Micronutrient foliar solutions
The present disclosure provides novel compositions and methods of forming those compositions by complexing a micronutrient with at least two organic acids, preferably in the presence of a base to form an aqueous formulation. Compositions comprising the complexed micronutrient are tank mix compatible and can be used to deliver a water-soluble source of the particular micronutrient to plants (e.g., corn plants), with foliar application being particularly preferred.
1. An aqueous nutrient formulation comprising:
a micronutrient complexed with first and second organic acids, and
a non-ionic surfactant;
wherein the nutrient formulation has a pH of from about 2 to about 6; and
wherein the first and second organic acids are individually selected from the group consisting of citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, aconitic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, trimesic acid, glutaconic acid, mesaconic acid, tartronic acid, aspartic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and combinations thereof.
2. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein said first organic acid is a dicarboxylic acid and said second carboxylic acid is a tricarboxylic acid.
3. The formulation of claim 2 , wherein the ratio of tricarboxylic acid to dicarboxylic acid is from about 40:60 to about 60:40.
4. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein said micronutrient is not chelated with said first or second organic acids.
5. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein said micronutrient is selected from the group consisting of zinc, nickel, copper, manganese, iron, cobalt, selenium, titanium, lanthanum, and combinations thereof.
6. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein:
said micronutrient is iron, zinc, or a combination thereof;
said first organic acid is malic acid; and
said second organic acid is citric acid.
7. The formulation of claim 1 , further comprising a salt selected from the group consisting of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, calcium nitrate, and combinations of the foregoing.
8. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein when 75% by weight of the micronutrient solution having 5% by weight of the micronutrient is mixed with 25% by weight of a 50% phosphonate solution and permitted to sit for about one week, the resulting mixture will have less than about 3% by weight precipitate.
9. The combination of a plant and a formulation according to claim 1 on at least some of said plant.
10. The combination of claim 9 , wherein said composition is in contact with a leaf of the plant.
11. The combination of claim 9 , wherein said plant is selected from the group consisting of soybean plants, tomato plants, corn plants, wheat plants, potato plants, and lettuce plants.
12. A method of providing nutrients to plants, said method comprising contacting a formulation according to claim 1 with said plant and/or soil in which said plant is planted.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein said plant is selected from the group consisting of soybean plants, tomato plants, corn plants, wheat plants, potato plants, and lettuce plants.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein said contacting comprises applying the formulation to a leaf of the plant at the V3 stage of growth and at about one week after said applying, one or more of the following is achieved:
said plant has a micronutrient level that is at least about 20% greater than that of a control plant grown under the same conditions but without said applying;
said plant has a micronutrient level that is at least about 5% greater than that of a plant grown under the same conditions but without said applying and with treatment by a composition comprising the micronutrient chelated with EDTA;
said plant has a chlorophyll content that is at least about 5% greater than that of a control plant grown under the same conditions but without said applying; or
said plant has a chlorophyll content that is at least about 3% greater than that of a plant grown under the same conditions but without said applying and with treatment by a composition comprising the micronutrient chelated with EDTA.
15. A method of forming a nutrient formulation comprising reacting a source of a micronutrient with at least two organic acids in the presence of water and a base so as to form a non-chelated complex of said micronutrient with at least one of said organic acids; wherein the nutrient formulation has a pH of from about 2 to about 6; and
wherein the at least two organic acids are selected from the group consisting of citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, aconitic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, trimesic acid, glutaconic acid, mesaconic acid, tartronic acid, aspartic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and combinations thereof; and
wherein the nutrient formulation comprises a non-ionic surfactant.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said non-chelated complex is formed with said at least two organic acids.