Heating system for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic feedstock and workpiece
An additive manufacturing system is disclosed that comprises two or more lasers for precisely heating a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic feedstock and a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic workpiece in preparation for depositing and tamping the feedstock onto the workpiece. The system employs feedforward, a variety of sensors, and feedback to ensure that the feedstock and workpiece are properly heated.
1. A method for additive manufacturing, the method comprising:
irradiating and heating, with a first laser beam generated by a first laser, a segment of a feedstock with a first average power during a first time-interval;
irradiating and heating, with a second laser beam generated by a second laser, the segment of the feedstock with a second average power during a second time-interval, wherein the second time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the first time-interval; and
tamping, with a tamping tool, the segment of the feedstock onto a portion of a workpiece during a third time-interval, wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the first time-interval, and wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the second time-interval;
depositing the feedstock onto the workpiece at a non-uniform rate; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on:
(i) a thermal model of the feedstock, and
(ii) a prediction of the interval between the first time-interval and the third time-interval.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
measuring a temperature of the segment of the feedstock in a fourth time-interval; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on the temperature.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
measuring a temperature of the segment of the feedstock in the first time-interval; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on the temperature.
4. The method of claim 1 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength does not equal the second wavelength.
5. The method of claim 1 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength equals the second wavelength.
6. The method of claim 1 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength does not equal the second wavelength; and further comprising:
a first optical beam splitter for receiving a spatial combination of the first laser beam and the second laser beam and for spatially separating the first laser beam and the second laser beam.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the tamping tool is a roller.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the tamping tool is a roller whose tangential speed equals a linear speed of the feedstock adjacent to the roller.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
irradiating and heating, with a third laser beam generated by a third laser, the portion of the workpiece with a third average power during a fourth time interval, wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the fourth time-interval.
10. A method for additive manufacturing, the method comprising:
irradiating and heating, with a first laser beam generated by a first laser, a portion of a workpiece with a first average power during a first time-interval;
irradiating and heating, with a second laser beam generated by a second laser, the portion of the workpiece with a second average power during a second time-interval, wherein the second time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the first time-interval; and
tamping, with a tamping tool, a segment of a feedstock onto the portion of the workpiece during a third time-interval, wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the first time-interval, and wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the second time-interval;
depositing the feedstock onto the workpiece at a non-uniform rate; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on:
(i) a thermal model of the workpiece, and
(ii) a prediction of the interval between the first time-interval and the third time-interval.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising:
measuring a temperature of the portion of the workpiece in a fourth time-interval; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on the temperature.
12. The method of claim 10 further comprising:
measuring a temperature of the portion of the workpiece in the first time-interval; and
directing the first laser to generate the first laser beam with the first average power during the first time-interval based on the temperature.
13. The method of claim 10 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength does not equal the second wavelength.
14. The method of claim 10 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength equals the second wavelength.
15. The method of claim 10 :
wherein the first laser beam is characterized by a first wavelength;
wherein the second laser beam is characterized by a second wavelength; and
wherein the first wavelength does not equal the second wavelength; and further comprising:
a first optical beam splitter for receiving a spatial combination of the first laser beam and the second laser beam and for spatially separating the first laser beam and the second laser beam.
16. The method of claim 10 wherein the tamping tool is a roller.
17. The method of claim 10 wherein the tamping tool is a roller whose tangential speed equals a linear speed of the feedstock adjacent to the roller.
18. The method of claim 10 further comprising:
irradiating and heating, with a third laser beam generated by a third laser, the segment of the feedstock with a third average power during a fourth time interval, wherein the third time-interval is after, and is mutually exclusive of, the fourth time-interval.