Irrigation system for vertical grow tower crop production facility
An irrigation system for a vertical farming structure having vertical grow towers and associated conveyance mechanisms for moving the vertical grow towers through a controlled environment, while being exposed to controlled conditions, such as lighting, airflow, humidity and nutritional support. The present disclosure describes a grow tower conveyance system that moves vertically-oriented grow towers to select positions along a grow line. An irrigation line having apertures at the select positions provides aqueous nutrient solution to the grow towers, while a gutter structure captures excess solution. In a closed loop system, the excess solution returns to a recirculation tank.
1. A crop production system for a vertical grow tower crop production, comprising:
a grow line;
one or more light emitting sources;
a plurality of grow towers, each of the plurality of grow towers vertically attached to, and moveable along, the grow line, wherein each of the plurality of grow towers comprises a tower body and a funnel disposed on the top of the tower body, the funnel directing fluid flowing therethrough over a desired region within the tower body, each funnel having a profile;
a grow tower conveyance mechanism operative to move the plurality of grow towers to select positions along the grow line;
an irrigation system operative to supply a fluid to respective tops ends of the plurality of grow towers at one or more of the select positions along the grow line, wherein the irrigation system comprises a plurality of nozzles at the select positions and wherein each nozzle of the plurality of nozzles comprises
a light skirt configured to shield the nozzle and funnel from at least of a portion of light emitted by the one or more light emitting sources, each light skirt having an outer edge that substantially conforms to the profile of the funnel of a respective grow tower at a target spacing, and such that there is no contact, between the outer edge and the profile of the funnel when a corresponding grow tower is at a select position of the select positions; and
a gutter extending under and running parallel to the grow line, the gutter disposed beneath the plurality of grow towers to capture excess fluid supplied to the plurality of grow towers.
2. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein the irrigation system comprises a plenum extending along the grow line, wherein the plurality of nozzles are attached to the plenum at the select positions, wherein each of the nozzles comprises a pressure-regulating flow controller operative to limit the flow rate of the fluid supplied to a grow tower.
3. The crop production system of claim 2 wherein the irrigation system comprises a recirculation tank and a return pump operably connected to the gutter and that pumps fluid from the gutter to the recirculation tank.
4. The crop production system crop production system of claim 3 wherein the irrigation system comprises a supply pump operably connected to the recirculation tank and the plenum, the supply pump being operable to supply fluid from the recirculation tank to the plenum.
5. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein the target spacing is between 1 to 2 millimeters.
6. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein each of the grow towers includes a plurality of plug containers disposed along the tower body.
7. The crop production system of claim 6 wherein each of the plurality of grow towers comprises a first plurality of plug containers arranged along a first face of the grow tower.
8. The crop production system of claim 7 wherein each of the plurality of grow towers comprises a second plurality of plug containers arranged along a second face of the grow tower, wherein the second face is opposite to the first face, and wherein each of the plurality of grow towers includes a central wall defining a first cavity containing the first plurality of plug containers and a second cavity containing the second plurality of plug containers.
9. The crop production system of claim 8 wherein each funnel comprises
a collector;
first and second passageways in fluid communication with the collector;
a first slot disposed in the collector and in the fluid communication path between the collector and the first passageway; and
a second slot disposed in the collector trough and in the fluid communication path between the collector trough and the second passageway;
wherein the first and second slots are arranged to cause fluid to accumulate in the collector trough and distribute the fluid substantially evenly to the first and second passageways, the first passageway in fluid communication with the first cavity, and the second passageway in fluid communication with the second cavity.
10. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein the spacing of the select positions increase in a first direction such that spacing of the grow towers increases as such grow towers are moved along the grow line.
11. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein the conveyance mechanism comprises a reciprocating cam mechanism.
12. The crop production system of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of grow towers comprises a hook attached to the top of the grow tower, wherein the hook is configured to engage the grow line.
13. The crop production system of claim 12 wherein each light skirt comprises a flexible material that allows the light skirt to deform when a hook of a corresponding grow tower is conveyed past the light skirt.