Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force
Disclosed are cable types, including a type THHN cable, the cable types having a reduced surface coefficient of friction, and the method of manufacture thereof, in which the central conductor core and insulating layer are surrounded by a material containing nylon or thermosetting resin. A silicone based pulling lubricant for said cable, or alternatively, erucamide or stearyl erucamide for small cable gauge wire, is incorporated, by alternate methods, with the resin material from which the outer sheath is extruded, and is effective to reduce the required pulling force between the formed cable and a conduit during installation.
1. A method for manufacturing an electrical cable comprising at least one conductor and a multi-portion sheath surrounding the at least one conductor, wherein the multi-portion sheath defines an interior surface and an exterior surface such that the interior surface is adjacent the at least one conductor, wherein the method comprises:
extruding an insulating material comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC) around the at least one conductor to define an insulating portion of the multi-portion sheath, wherein the insulating portion defines at least a portion of the interior surface of the multi-portion sheath and provides electrical insulation to the conductor;
forming an outer portion to define at least a portion of the exterior surface by:
extruding a nylon material around the insulating material around the at least one conductor to define at least a portion of an outer portion of the multi-layer sheath;
providing a silicone-based pulling lubricant to the outer portion of the multi-portion sheath such that at least a portion of the silicone-based pulling lubricant is provided at the exterior surface in a concentration sufficient to reduce an amount of force required to pull the electrical cable through a building passageway; and wherein
providing the silicone-based pulling lubricant provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of requiring at least about 30% less force to pull the electrical cable through the building passageway compared to an amount of force required to pull a non-lubricated electrical cable of the same cable type and having a sheath without the silicone-based pulling lubricant present through the building passageway; and
wherein the building passageway is defined by a PVC conduit setup sized to accommodate the electrical cable and having at least two 90° bends within the PVC conduit setup.
2. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is distributed within the nylon material and present at the exterior surface thereof with a concentration of at least 7% by weight of at least a portion thereof.
3. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is distributed within the nylon material and present at the exterior surface thereof with a concentration of at least 8% by weight of a least a portion thereof.
4. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.25.
5. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 4 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.2.
6. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 4 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.125 and about 0.2.
7. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 4 , wherein cooling the multi-layer sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.132 and about 0.2.
8. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 4 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.15.
9. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a high molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.
10. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a low molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.
11. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 1 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic that an average amount of force required to install the electrical cable through the building passageway without an externally added lubricant is less than an average amount of force required to install a non-lubricated electrical cable of the same cable type, size, and shape, through the building passageway.
12. A method for manufacturing an electrical cable comprising at least one conductor and a multi-portion sheath surrounding the at least one conductor, wherein the multi-portion sheath defines an interior surface and an exterior surface such that the interior surface is adjacent the at least one conductor, wherein the method comprises:
extruding an insulating material comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC) around the at least one conductor to define an insulating portion of the multi-portion sheath, wherein the insulating portion defines at least a portion of the interior surface of the multi-portion sheath and provides electrical insulation to the conductor;
forming an outer portion to define at least a portion of the exterior surface by:
extruding a nylon material around the insulating material around the at least one conductor to define at least a portion of an outer portion of the multi-portion sheath;
providing a silicone-based pulling lubricant to the outer portion of the multi-portion sheath such that at least a portion of the silicone-based pulling lubricant is provided at the exterior surface; and
wherein providing the silicone-based pulling lubricant provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of a PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.25.
13. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is distributed within the nylon material and present at the exterior surface thereof with a concentration of at least 7% by weight of at least a portion thereof.
14. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is distributed within the nylon material and present at the exterior surface thereof with a concentration of at least 8% by weight of at least a portion thereof.
15. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.2.
16. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.125 and about 0.2.
17. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.132 and about 0.2.
18. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a high molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.
19. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 12 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a low molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.
20. A method for manufacturing an electrical cable comprising at least one conductor and a multi-portion sheath surrounding the at least one conductor, wherein the multi-portion sheath defines an interior surface and an exterior surface such that the interior surface is adjacent the at least one conductor, wherein the method comprises:
extruding an insulating material comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC) around the at least one conductor to define an insulating portion of the multi-portion sheath, wherein the insulating portion defines at least a portion of the interior surface of the multi-portion sheath and provides electrical insulation to the conductor;
forming an outer portion to define at least a portion of the exterior surface by:
extruding a nylon material around the insulating material around the at least one conductor to define at least a portion of an outer portion of the multi-portion sheath; and
providing a silicone-based pulling lubricant to the outer portion of the multi-portion sheath such that at least a portion of the silicone-based pulling lubricant is provided at the exterior surface, wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is provided in a concentration of the outer portion of at least 7% by weight of the outer portion.
21. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant is distributed within the nylon material and present at the exterior surface thereof with a concentration of at least 8% by weight of at least a portion thereof.
22. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of less than about 0.2.
23. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.125 and about 0.2.
24. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein cooling the multi-portion sheath provides the electrical cable with a physical characteristic of having an average coefficient of friction against an interior surface of the PVC conduit setup of between about 0.132 and about 0.2.
25. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a high molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.
26. The method for manufacturing an electrical cable of claim 20 , wherein the silicone-based pulling lubricant comprises a low molecular weight silicone-based pulling lubricant.