CHIKV RNA vaccines
Aspects of the disclosure relate to nucleic acid vaccines. The vaccines include one or more RNA polynucleotides having an open reading frame encoding one or more Chikungunya antigen(s), one or more Zika virus antigens, and one or more Dengue antigens. Methods for preparing and using such vaccines are also described.
1. A method of inducing an immune response in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) vaccine, comprising a ribonucleic acid (RNA) polynucleotide having an open reading frame encoding a CHIKV antigenic polypeptide comprising CHIKV E2 protein formulated in a lipid nanoparticle, in an amount effective to produce an antigen-specific immune response in the subject, wherein the lipid nanoparticle comprises a cationic lipid, a non-cationic lipid, a sterol, and a PEG-modified lipid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen specific immune response comprises a T cell response or a B cell response.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is administered a single dose of the CHIKV vaccine.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is administered a booster dose of the CHIKV vaccine.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vaccine is administered to the subject by intradermal injection or intramuscular injection.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein an anti-CHIKV antigenic polypeptide antibody titer produced in the subject is increased by at least 1 log relative to a control.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CHIKV antigenic polypeptide antibody titer produced in the subject is increased at least 2 times relative to a control.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount is a total dose of 30 μg-1000 μg.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CHIKV antigenic polypeptide further comprises a CHIKV structural protein selected from a CHIKV E1, E3, 6K, and capsid (C) protein.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the CHIKV antigenic polypeptide comprises: CHIKV E1 and E2 proteins; CHIKV E1, E2, and E3 proteins; CHIKV E1, E2, E3, and C proteins; or CHIKV E1, E2, E3, 6K, and C proteins.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the open reading frame encodes at least two CHIKV antigenic polypeptides, or wherein the vaccine comprises at least two RNA polynucleotides each having an open reading frame encoding a CHIKV antigenic polypeptide.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the RNA polynucleotide comprises a chemical modification.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the chemical modification is a 1-methylpseudouridine.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein at least 80% of the uracil in the open reading frame has a chemical modification.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the RNA polynucleotide further encodes a 5′ terminal cap.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the 5′ terminal cap is 7mG(5′)ppp(5′)NlmpNp.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid nanoparticle carrier comprises 20-60 mol % cationic lipid, 5-25 mol % non-cationic lipid, 25-55 mol % sterol, and 0.5-5 mol % PEG-modified lipid.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cationic lipid is an ionizable cationic lipid and the non-cationic lipid is a neutral lipid, and the sterol is a cholesterol.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cationic lipid is selected from 2,2-dilinoleyl-4-dimethylaminoethyl-[1,3]-dioxolane (DLin-KC2-DMA), dilinoleyl-methyl-4-dimethylaminobutyrate (DLin-MC3-DMA), and di((Z)-non-2-en-1-yl) 9-((4-(dimethylamino)butanoyl)oxy)heptadecanedioate.
20. A method of inducing an immune response in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a Chikungunya virus vaccine, comprising a messenger ribonucleic acid polynucleotide having an open reading frame encoding a E2 protein formulated in a lipid nanoparticle, in an amount effective to produce an antigen-specific immune response in the subject, wherein the lipid nanoparticle comprises 20-60 mol % ionizable cationic lipid, 5-25 mol % neutral lipid, 25-55 mol % cholesterol, and 0.5-5 mol % PEG-modified lipid.