Dynamic and real-time correction of differential measurement offsets in a gas analysis system

1. A method for determining real-time offset corrections in a gas analysis system having a first gas analyzer and a second gas analyzer, the method comprising:

supplying a varying concentration of gas over a range of gas concentrations to the first gas analyzer through a first gas flow line and to the second gas analyzer through a second gas flow line;

for each of a plurality of different supplied gas concentrations within the range of gas concentrations:

a) measuring a first gas concentration value using the first gas analyzer;

b) measuring a second gas concentration value using the second gas analyzer; and

c) determining an offset value between each corresponding first and second gas concentration value;

determining a functional relationship between the plurality of offset values and the measured gas concentration values of the first gas analyzer; and thereafter

taking real-time gas concentration measurement values and dynamically adjusting the real-time gas concentration measurement values of the first gas analyzer based on the functional relationship.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas analysis system further includes an enclosed sample chamber defining a measurement volume for analysis of a photosynthesis capable sample, the sample chamber having an inlet port coupled with the first gas flow line and an outlet port coupled with an inlet port of the first gas analyzer, wherein the taking real-time gas concentration measurements and dynamically adjusting the real-time gas concentration measurement values of the first gas analyzer based on the functional relationship includes:

with a photosynthesis capable sample in the sample chamber, taking real-time gas concentration measurement values using a supplied gas concentration within the range of gas concentrations and adjusting the real-time gas concentration measurement values of the first gas analyzer based on the determined functional relationship.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the photosynthesis capable sample includes a leaf.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supplying includes continuously varying the concentration of the gas from a first concentration to a second concentration over a measurement time period, and wherein

the measuring a first gas concentration value using the first gas analyzer and

the measuring a second gas concentration value using the second gas analyzer occur simultaneously during the measurement time period.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas includes CO 2 , and wherein the supplying a varying concentration of gas includes only increasing the concentration of CO 2 , or only decreasing the concentration of CO 2 , or varying the concentration of CO 2 from a first value to a second value and then varying the concentration of CO 2 from the second value to the first value.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining a functional relationship includes applying a fit function to the plurality of offset values.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining a functional relationship includes segmenting the plurality of offset values into two or more range segments, each range segment corresponding to a portion of the range of gas concentrations, and for each range segment applying a separate segment fit function to the offset values in that range segment.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring of the first and second gas concentration values occurs when the concentration of gas supplied to the first gas analyzer and to the second gas analyzer reaches a steady state.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supplying includes varying the concentration of the gas from a first concentration to a second concentration in a stepwise manner.

10. A gas analysis system, the system comprising:

a gas source coupled to a first gas flow line and a second gas flow line, the gas source configured to supply a varying concentration of gas over a range of gas concentrations to the first gas flow line and the second gas flow line;

a first gas analyzer coupled to the first gas flow line and configured to measure a first concentration of the gas received from the first gas flow line;

a second gas analyzer coupled to the second gas flow line and configured to measure a second concentration of the gas received from the second gas flow line; and

a control circuit, the control circuit configured to:

send a control signal to the gas source to control the gas source to adjust the concentration of a gas supplied to the first and second gas flow lines; and

for each of a plurality of different supplied gas concentrations within the range of gas concentrations:

receive a first gas concentration measurement value from the first gas analyzer; and

receive a second gas concentration measurement value from the second gas analyzer;

the control circuit further being configured to:

determine a plurality of offset values between the plurality of corresponding first and second gas concentration measurement values;

determine a functional relationship between the plurality of offset values and the gas concentration measurement values of the first gas analyzer; and thereafter

control the system to take real-time gas concentration measurement values and dynamically adjust the real-time gas concentration measurement values of the first gas analyzer based on the functional relationship.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas analysis system further includes an enclosed sample chamber defining a measurement volume for analysis of a photosynthesis capable sample, the sample chamber having an inlet port coupled with the first gas flow line and an outlet port coupled with an inlet port of the first gas analyzer, wherein the real-time gas concentration measurement values are taken

with a photosynthesis capable sample in the sample chamber.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the photosynthesis capable sample includes a leaf.

13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas source is configured to supply a continuously varying concentration of the gas from a first concentration to a second concentration over a measurement time period.

14. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas includes CO 2 , and wherein the gas source is configured to supply the varying concentration of gas by only increasing the concentration of CO 2 , or only decreasing the concentration of CO 2 , or varying the concentration of CO 2 from a first value to a second value and then varying the concentration of CO 2 from the second value to the first value.

15. The system of claim 10 , wherein the control circuit is further configured to determine the functional relationship by applying a fit function to the plurality of offset values.

16. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas source is configured to supply the varying concentration of the gas from a first concentration to a second concentration in a stepwise manner.

17. The system of claim 10 , wherein the control circuit is further configured to determine the functional relationship by segmenting the plurality of offset values into two or more range segments, each range segment corresponding to a portion of the range of gas concentrations, and for each range segment applying a separate segment fit function to the offset values in that range segment.

18. A method for determining real-time offset corrections in a differential measurement system having a first measurement device and a second measurement device, the method comprising:

for each of a plurality of different supplied property values of a physical property within a range of property values:

a) obtaining a first measurement value of the physical property using the first measurement device; and

b) obtaining a second measurement value of the physical property using the second measurement device;

determining a plurality of offset values between the plurality of corresponding first and second physical property measurement values; and

determining a functional relationship between the plurality of offset values and the physical property measurement values of the first measurement device.

19. The method of claim 18 , further including taking real-time physical property measurement values and adjusting the real-time physical property measurement values of the first measurement device based on the functional relationship or adjusting the real-time physical property measurement values of the second measurement device based on the functional relationship or adjusting a difference between the real-time physical property measurement values of the first measurement device and the second measurement device based on the functional relationship.

20. A differential measurement system, the system comprising:

a first measurement device configured to measure a physical property;

a second measurement device configured to measure the physical property; and

a control circuit, the control circuit configured to:

for each of a plurality of different supplied property values of the physical property within a range of property values:

receive a first measurement value of the physical property from the first measurement device; and

receive a second measurement value of the physical property from the second measurement device;

the control circuit further being configured to:

determine a plurality of offset values between the plurality of corresponding first and second physical property measurement values; and

determine a functional relationship between the plurality of offset values and the physical property measurement values of the first measurement device.

21. The system of claim 20 , wherein the control circuit is further configured to control the system to take real-time physical property measurement values and adjust the real-time physical property measurement values of the first measurement device based on the functional relationship.