Alkylphenol copolymer
An alkylphenol copolymer, such as for use in a petroleum composition, is provided. The alkylphenol copolymer has at least the following repeating unit (I): wherein: A is a direct bond or an alkylene; X is —C(O)O—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)N(R 6 )—, —N(R 6 )C(O)—, —C(O)—, —N(R 6 )—, —O—, or —S—; R 6 is H or an alkyl; R 1 includes a C 1 -C 80 alkyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, a C 3 -C 12 aryl, or a polyether; and n is an integer from 1 to 200. The present invention also provides a method for forming the alkylphenol copolymer containing the aforementioned repeating unit (I) as well as a method for forming a monomer for forming repeating unit (I).
1. An alkylphenol copolymer comprising the following repeating units (I) and (II):
wherein:
A is an alkylene;
X is —C(O)O—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)N(R 6 )—, —N(R 6 )C(O)—, —N(R 6 )—, or —S—;
R 6 is H or an alkyl;
R 1 includes a C 1 -C 80 alkyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, a C 3 -C 12 aryl, or a polyether;
R 2 is a C 1 -C 80 alkyl;
n is an integer from 1 to 200; and
m is an integer from 1 to 400.
2. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein A is a C 1 -C 8 alkylene.
3. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein X is —C(O)O—.
4. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 includes a C 10 -C 80 alkyl.
5. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 includes a C 20 -C 80 alkyl.
6. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 includes a polyether.
7. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 6 , wherein the polyether includes a polyethylene glycol.
8. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein n is an integer from 1 to 100.
9. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the repeating unit (I) comprises from 0.1% to 75% of the repeating units of the alkylphenol copolymer.
10. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the repeating unit (II) comprises from 25% to 98% of the repeating units of the alkylphenol copolymer.
11. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the repeating unit (II) comprises a combination of repeating unit (III) and repeating unit (IV):
wherein:
R 3 is a C 1 -C 15 alkyl;
R 4 is a C 2 -C 80 alkyl, wherein R 3 and R 4 are different;
o is an integer from 1 to 200; and
p is an integer from 1 to 200.
12. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 11 , wherein R 3 is a C 8 -C 14 alkyl.
13. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 11 , wherein R 4 is a C 20 -C 80 alkyl.
14. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 13 , wherein R 4 includes from 24 to 34 carbon atoms.
15. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 11 , wherein the alkyl of R 4 contains 3 or more carbon atoms than the alkyl of R 3 .
16. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 11 , wherein o and p are independently from 5 to 25.
17. The alkylphenol copolymer of claim 11 , wherein the ratio of the moles of the repeating unit (III) to the moles of the repeating unit (IV) is from about 0.2 to about 5.
18. A paraffin inhibitor composition comprising the alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 .
19. An asphaltene dispersant composition comprising the alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 .
20. A petroleum composition comprising the alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 and a petroleum source.
21. A method for modifying a petroleum source, the method comprising adding the alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 to a petroleum source.
22. A method for forming the alkylphenol copolymer of claim 1 , the method comprising polymerizing compound (VIII), compound (IX), and a formaldehyde source, wherein compound (VIII) and compound (IX) have the following structure:
wherein:
A is an alkylene;
X is —C(O)O—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)N(R 6 )—, —N(R 6 )C(O)—, —N(R 6 )—, or —S—;
R 6 is H or an alkyl;
R 1 includes a C 1 -C 80 alkyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, a C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, a C 3 -C 12 aryl, or a polyether; and
R 2 is a C 1 -C 80 alkyl.