Systems and methods for optimizing ventilation, filtration, and conditioning schemes for buildings

1. A building management system (BMS) for filtering a fluid within a building, the system comprising:

one or more sensors configured to:

measure one or more characteristics of a first fluid within an air duct of the BMS; and

measure one or more characteristics of a second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered; and

wherein the first fluid is a pre-filtered fluid received in the air duct and the second fluid is a post-filtered supply fluid within the air duct or a post-filtered fluid within a building zone; and

a pollutant management system comprising a processing circuit comprising one or more processors and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:

receiving data from the one or more sensors; and

selecting a filter from at least a first filter of a first type or a second filter of a second type different than the first type based on a level of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid and the one or more characteristics of the second fluid, the first filter of the first type having a first set of filtering characteristics and the second filter of the second type having a second set of filtering characteristics different from the first set of filtering characteristics.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:

measuring the one or more characteristics of the first fluid within the air duct of the BMS comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter, or ozone levels of the first fluid;

measuring the one or more characteristics of the second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter, or ozone levels of the second fluid;

measuring one or more characteristics of the first fluid is performed by a first set of sensors and measuring the one or more characteristics of the second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered is performed by a second set of sensors.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

receive filter data from a one or more filtration sensors, the one or more filtration sensors configured to record the filter data of the plurality of filters, the filter data comprising data relating to the one or more characteristics of the fluid;

determine when the selected filter will become inoperable; and

select the filter of the plurality of filters based on a change in the one or more characteristics from filtering the first fluid.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein selecting the filter of the plurality of filters comprises selecting the filter of the plurality of filters in a single fluid path, wherein all of the first fluid is filtered in the single fluid path.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein selecting the filter of the plurality of filters comprises:

selecting a path of a plurality of paths in the air duct for the fluid to flow, wherein each of the plurality of paths comprises one of the plurality of filters; and

filtering the first fluid based on the selected path.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to compare the level of the one or more characteristics measured by the one or more sensors to a predetermined threshold, the level of the one or more characteristics based on measurements from the one or more sensors.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are further configured to process the first fluid based on predetermined intervals of time, wherein processing comprising filtering, heating, disinfecting, or cleaning.

8. A controller for filtering a fluid within a building management system (BMS), the controller comprising:

a processing circuit comprising one or more processors and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:

receiving, via one or more sensors, a first set of sensor data comprising one or more characteristics of a first fluid within an air duct of the BMS;

receiving, via the one or more sensors, a second set of sensor data comprising one or more characteristics of a second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered;

wherein the first fluid is a pre-filtered fluid received in the air duct and the second fluid is a post-filtered supply fluid within the air duct or a post-filtered fluid within a building zone; and

selecting a filter from at least a first filter of a first type or a second filter of a second type different than the first type based on a level of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid and the one or more characteristics of the second fluid, the first filter of the first type having a first set of filtering characteristics and the second filter of the second type having a second set of filtering characteristics different from the first set of filtering characteristics;

generating a model of the first fluid; and

generating predictions based on the model, wherein the model is generated based on the first set of sensor data and the second set of sensor data.

9. The controller of claim 8 , wherein:

receiving the first set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid within the air duct comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter, or ozone levels of the first fluid;

receiving the second set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter, or ozone levels of the second fluid; and

the first set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid is received by a first set of sensors and the second set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the second fluid is received by a second set of sensors.

10. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

receive filter data from one or more filtration sensors, the one or more filtration sensors configured to record the filter data of the plurality of filters, the filter data comprising data relating to the one or more characteristics of the fluid;

determine when the selected filter will become inoperable; and

select the filter of the plurality of filters based on a change in the one or more characteristics from filtering the first fluid.

11. The controller of claim 8 , wherein selecting the filter of the plurality of filters comprises selecting the filter of the plurality of filters in a single fluid path, wherein all of the first fluid is filtered in the single fluid path.

12. The controller of claim 8 , wherein selecting the filter of the plurality of filters comprises:

selecting a path of a plurality of paths in the air duct for the first fluid to flow, wherein each of the plurality of paths comprises one of the plurality of filters; and filtering the first fluid based on the selected path.

13. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to compare the level of the one or more characteristics to a predetermined threshold, the level of the one or more characteristics based on information from the first set of sensor data, the second set of sensor data, or both.

14. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to process the first fluid based on predetermined intervals of time, wherein processing comprising filtering, heating, disinfecting, or cleaning.

15. A method for filtering a first fluid within a building management system (BMS), the method comprising:

receiving, via one or more sensors, a first set of sensor data of one or more characteristics of the first fluid within an air duct of the BMS;

receiving, via the one or more sensors, a second set of sensor data of one or more characteristics of a second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered; and

wherein the first fluid is a pre-filtered fluid received in the air duct and the second fluid is a post-filtered supply fluid within the air duct or a post-filtered fluid within a building zone; and

selecting a filter from at least a first filter of a first type or a second filter of a second type different than the first type based on a level of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid and the one or more characteristics of the second fluid, the first filter of the first type having a first set of filtering characteristics and the second filter of the second type having a second set of filtering characteristics different from the first set of filtering characteristics.

16. The method of claim 15 ,

wherein receiving the first set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid within the air duct comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter or ozone levels of the first fluid,

receiving the second set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the second fluid after the second fluid has been filtered comprises measuring at least one of a carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, particulate matter, or ozone levels of the second fluid, and

the first set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid is received by a first set of sensors and the second set of sensor data of the one or more characteristics of the second fluid is received by a second set of sensors.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises:

receiving filter data from one or more filtration sensors, the one or more filtration sensors configured to record filter data of the plurality of filters, the filter data comprising data relating to the one or more characteristics of the first fluid;

determining when the selected filter will become inoperable; and

selecting the filter of the plurality of filters based on a change in the one or more characteristics from filtering the first fluid.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein selecting the filter of the plurality of filters comprises:

selecting a path of a plurality of paths in the air duct for the first fluid to flow, wherein each of the plurality of paths comprises one of the plurality of filters; and filtering the first fluid based on the selected path.

19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises comparing the level of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid to a predetermined threshold, the level of the one or more characteristics of the first fluid based on information from the first set of sensor data, the second set of sensor data, or both.

20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises processing the first fluid based on predetermined intervals of time, wherein processing comprising filtering, heating, disinfecting, or cleaning.