System and method for removal of PFAS from waste streams
A system and method for removing and destroying PFAS from residual waste streams generated during the processing of landfill liquids prior to disposal are provided. The presently disclosed system and method can concentrate PFAS from landfill liquids into a residual waste stream so that the target compounds can be selectively removed for subsequent destruction.
1. A system for removing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a waste stream, the system comprising:
a first treatment module configured to receive the waste stream as an influent to the first treatment module comprising a reverse osmosis system, wherein the reverse osmosis system is configured to produce a reverse osmosis permeate stream and a reject/concentrate stream, and wherein the reject/concentrate stream has a substantially higher concentration of PFAS than the permeate stream;
a second treatment module comprising one or more ion exchange vessels and/or one or more activated carbon vessels, wherein the second treatment module is configured to receive the reject/concentrate stream from the first treatment module without any treatment of the reject/concentrate stream therebetween, and wherein a product of the second treatment module is a spent regeneration stream that is concentrated with PFAS; and
a third treatment module comprising one or more of an electro-oxidation vessel and a low temperature vapor phase plasma discharge vessel, wherein the third treatment module is configured to receive the spent regeneration stream from the second treatment module without any treatment of the spent regeneration stream therebetween, and wherein a product of the third treatment module is a treated water stream that is substantially devoid of PFAS.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the waste stream is a leachate treatment stream.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the treated water stream is substantially devoid of 1,4 dioxane and NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylanime).
4. A method of removing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a waste stream, the method comprising:
introducing the waste stream into a first treatment module, the first treatment module comprising a reverse osmosis vessel, wherein the reverse osmosis module is configured to produce a reverse osmosis permeate stream and a reject/concentrate stream, and wherein the reject/concentrate stream has a substantially higher concentration of PFAS than the permeate stream;
introducing the reject/concentrate stream from the first treatment module into a second treatment module comprising one or more of an ion exchange vessel and an activated carbon vessel, wherein the second treatment module is configured to produce a spent regeneration stream that is concentrated with PFAS, and wherein there is no additional treatment of the reject/concentrate stream between the first treatment module and the second treatment module; and
introducing the spent regeneration stream from the second treatment module into a third treatment module comprising one or more of an electro-oxidation vessel and a low temperature vapor phase plasma discharge vessel, wherein the third treatment module is configured to produce a treated water stream that is substantially devoid of PFAS, and wherein there is no additional treatment of the spent regeneration stream between the second treatment module and the third treatment module.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the waste stream is a leachate treatment stream.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the treated water stream is substantially devoid of 1,4 dioxane and NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylanime).