Steel material, for pressure vessel, showing excellent hydrogen-induced cracking resistance and method for preparing same
An embodiment of the present invention provides a steel material, for a pressure vessel, comprising, in weight %, 0.06-0.25% of carbon (C), 0.05-0.50% of silicon (Si), 1.0-2.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.005-0.40% of aluminum (Al), 0.010% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.0010% or less of sulfur (S), 0.001-0.03% of niobium (Nb), 0.001-0.03% of vanadium (V), 0.001-0.03% of titanium (Ti), 0.01-0.20% of chromium (Cr), 0.05-0.15% of molybdenum (Mo), 0.01-0.50% of copper (Cu), 0.05-0.50% of nickel (Ni), 0.0005-0.0050% of magnesium (Mg), 0.0005-0.0050% of calcium (Ca), 0.0020% or less of oxygen (O), and the remainder being Fe and other unavoidable impurities. A microstructure comprises in terms of area fraction 30% or less of pearlite and the remainder being ferrite. A non-metallic inclusion contains Mg—Al—Ca—O composite oxide.
1. A steel material for a pressure vessel, comprising, in percent by weight, 0.10 to 0.25% of carbon (C), 0.05 to 0.50% of silicon (Si), 1.0 to 2.0% of manganese (Mn), 0.005 to 0.40% of aluminum (Al), 0.010% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.0010% or less of sulfur (S), 0.001 to 0.03% of niobium (Nb), 0.001 to 0.03% of vanadium (V), 0.001 to 0.03% of titanium (Ti), 0.01 to 0.20% of chromium (Cr), 0.05 to 0.15% of molybdenum (Mo), 0.01 to 0.50% of copper (Cu), 0.05 to 0.50% of nickel (Ni), 0.0005 to 0.0050% of magnesium (Mg), 0.0005 to 0.0050% of calcium (Ca), 0.0020% or less of oxygen (O), and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities,
wherein a microstructure comprises, in an area fraction, 30% or less of pearlite and the balance of ferrite,
wherein the steel material includes non-metallic inclusions containing a Mg—Al—Ca—O composite oxide, and
wherein the Mg—Al—Ca—O composite oxide contains the Mg—Al—Ca—O composite oxide which satisfies an R1/M1 ratio ranging from 4.0 to 19.0, an R2/A1 ratio ranging from 0.3 to 0.7, and an R3/C1 ratio ranging from 1.9 to 9.0 when a non-metallic inclusion, among the non-metallic inclusions, having a diameter of 5 μm or more is analyzed by EDS,
where, when it is assumed that the sum of contents of CaO, Al 2 O 3 , and MgO in the components of the inclusions included in the steel material is set to 100%, the C1 represents an average value of the CaO contents in the respective inclusions included in the steel material, the A1 represents an average value of the Al 2 O 3 contents, and the M1 represents an average value of the MgO contents, provided that it is meant that R1=C1+A1, R2=C1+M1, and R3=A1+M1.
2. The steel material for a pressure vessel according to claim 1 , wherein the steel material further comprises 0.0020 to 0.0060% of nitrogen (N).
3. The steel material for a pressure vessel according to claim 1 , wherein the steel material comprises one or two or more carbides or carbonitrides selected from Nb and V, which have a diameter of 5 to 30 nm, at an area ratio of 0.01 to 0.02% in the microstructure.
4. The steel material for a pressure vessel according to claim 3 , wherein the carbides or carbonitrides comprises one or more precipitates selected from the group consisting of NbC, Nb(C,N), VC, and V(C,N).
5. The steel material for a pressure vessel according to claim 1 , wherein the steel material has a tensile strength of 485 MPa or more after subjected to post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) including heating the steel material to 425° C., then heating the steel material to 595 to 630° C. at a heating rate of 55 to 100° C./hr, then maintaining the steel material at a temperature of 595 to 630° C. for 60 to 180 minutes, then cooling the steel material to 425° C. at a rate that is the same as the warming rate, and then air-cooling the steel material to room temperature.