Polyol polyester and polyhydroxy alkane blends with polar polymers
Compounds that can be produced by a ring-opening reaction of epoxidized alkanes or epoxidized fatty acid esters having a molecular weight greater than 200 grams per mole are blended with polar polymers to improve the gloss of the polar polymers. These compounds include at least one polar functional group and are blended with polar polymers, or blends comprising at least one polar polymer, in order to improve the gloss of these polymers, such that they have suitable gloss right out of the manufacturing operation without the need for further painting or lamination steps. These compounds may also improve the impact strength of the polar polymers. Also disclosed are composite structures wherein an outer cap layer is made from the polar polymer blended with the gloss improving additive.
1. A composition comprising:
a) at least one polar polymer;
b) between 2 and 40 weight % based on the weight of the at least one polar polymer of at least one gloss improving additive having a molecular weight above 200 grams per mole,
wherein the at least one gloss improving additive comprises at least one straight chain or branched hydroxyalkane comprising at least one vicinal diol group, and
wherein the at least one polar polymer is an acrylic polymer blend composed of a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and 2 to 16 weight % of one or more C1-C4 acrylates.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one straight chain or branched hydroxyalkane is a 1,2-dihydroxy alkane.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises at least one fatty acid ester having a weight average molecular weight above 200 grams per mole and comprising at least two hydroxyl groups, wherein the fatty acid ester is derived from a vegetable or animal oil.
4. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein the fatty acid ester comprising at least two hydroxyl groups derived from a vegetable or animal oil is a reaction product of an epoxidized vegetable or animal oil with at least one of an aqueous acid or an aqueous base.
5. The composition according to claim 4 wherein the epoxidized vegetable or animal oil is selected from the group consisting of epoxidized algae oil, epoxidized canola oil, epoxidized coconut oil, epoxidized castor oil, epoxidized corn oil, epoxidized cottonseed oil, epoxidized flax oil, epoxidized fish oil, epoxidized grapeseed oil, epoxidized hemp oil, epoxidized jatropha oil, epoxidized jojoba oil, epoxidized mustard oil, epoxidized canola oil, epoxidized palm oil, epoxidized palm stearin, epoxidized rapeseed oil, epoxidized safflower oil, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized sunflower oil, epoxidized tall oil, epoxidized olive oil, epoxidized tallow, epoxidized lard, epoxidized chicken fat, epoxidized linseed oil, epoxidized tung oil, epoxidized linseed oil, and mixtures thereof.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a 75 degree gloss as measured using a BYK Gardner Micro-Gloss 75 degree Gloss Meter and a 60 degree gloss as measured using a BYK Gardner Micro-Tri-Gloss 20/60/85 degree Gloss Meter, wherein the 75 degree gloss is 53 or greater and the 60 degree gloss is 12 or greater.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an impact improving additive.
8. The composition according to claim 7 , wherein the impact improving additive is selected from the group consisting of linear block copolymers, core shell polymers, and mixtures thereof.
9. The composition according to claim 8 , wherein the composition is comprised of between 20 and 60 weight percent of the impact improving additive, based on the weight of the polar polymer.
10. A multilayer composite structure comprising:
a) at least one capstock layer comprising the composition according to claim 1 ; and
b) at least one substrate layer,
wherein the multilayer composite structure comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer has an external surface, and wherein the capstock layer is the outer layer and the substrate layer is the inner layer.
11. The multilayer composite structure according to claim 10 , wherein the substrate layer comprises at least one polymer selected from acrylic polymers, styrenic polymers, polyolefins, polyvinyl chlorides (PVC), polycarbonates (PC), polyurethanes (PU), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymers, methylmethacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS) copolymers, acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA) copolymers, high-impact polystyrenes (HIPS), wood/polymer composites, polyesters, or mixtures thereof.
12. The multilayer composite structure according to claim 10 , wherein the capstock layer has a 75 degree gloss as measured using a BYK Gardner Micro-Gloss 75 degree Gloss Meter and a 60 degree gloss as measured using a BYK Gardner Micro-Tri-Gloss 20/60/85 degree Gloss Meter, wherein the 75 degree gloss is 53 or greater and the 60 degree gloss is 12 or greater.
13. The multilayer composite structure according to claim 10 , wherein the capstock layer has a mean fracture energy (MFE) impact strength measured by the Gardner Impact Test with conical tip and wherein the MFE impact strength is at least 0.7 in-lb/mil.