Methods and systems for recovering terpene compositions from wood drying exhaust
Methods and systems for recovering terpenes and controlling the composition of terpenes collected from wood drying processes are provided. In particular, a sorbent having adsorbed materials, including terpenes, from a wood drying process can be desorbed in a desorber, resulting in a gaseous stream containing terpenes, which can be condensed and collected from the gaseous stream. The conditions of desorption can be controlled to ensure a desirable amount of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene relative to other terpenes, such as dipentene and camphene, in the collected terpenes.
1. A method for recovering terpenes derived from a wood drying process, comprising:
providing a process exhaust stream from a wood drying process, the process exhaust stream comprising one or more terpenes;
flowing the process exhaust stream through a fluidized bed of sorbent within at least one adsorber, the sorbent configured to capture the one or more terpenes from the process exhaust stream at a first temperature;
flowing the sorbent having the captured terpenes through at least one desorber;
heating the fluidized sorbent within the at least one desorber to a second temperature sufficient to release the captured terpenes from the sorbent to provide a gaseous stream comprising the released terpenes; and
collecting the terpenes from the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber, wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises at least 90% of the terpenes from the process exhaust stream derived from the wood drying process,
flowing a side stream of the fluidized bed from the at least one desorber to a reactivator operated at a third temperature sufficient to thermally reactivate the sorbent; and
returning the reactivated sorbent to the at least one adsorber.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second temperature is greater than about 302° F. and less than about 450° F.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, or a combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises from about 1 wt-% to about 20 wt-% alpha-pinene and from 0 wt-% to about 20 wt-% beta-pinene.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining the fluidized sorbent within the at least one desorber at the second temperature for about 30 minutes to less than about 2 hours.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the fluidized sorbent within the at least one desorber is maintained at the second temperature for about 30 minutes to about 1.5 hours.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the second temperature is less than about 430° F.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the second temperature is from about 390° F. to about 420° F.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises from about 50 wt-% to about 97 wt-% of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene combined.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises alpha-pinene in an amount of from about 20 wt-% to about 97 wt-%.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises beta-pinene in an amount of from about 5 wt-% to about 60 wt-%.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises from 0 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of dipentene.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises from 0 wt-% to about 15 wt-% of camphene.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber is free of sulfur.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber further comprises nitrogen, steam, or both.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises at least 95 wt-% nitrogen.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber further comprises a hazardous air pollutant selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, methanol, phenol, acrolein, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, fatty acids, acetic acid, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent comprises activated carbon.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one desorber includes one or more access panels.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein collecting the terpenes from the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises condensing the terpenes through a cooling system.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the cooling system comprises a condenser.
22. A method for recovering terpenes derived from a wood drying process, comprising:
providing a process exhaust stream from a wood drying process, the process exhaust stream comprising one or more terpenes;
flowing the process exhaust stream through a fluidized bed of sorbent within at least one adsorber operated at a first temperature of about 130° F. to about 220° F., the sorbent configured to capture the one or more terpenes from the process exhaust stream at the first temperature;
flowing the sorbent having the captured terpenes to at least one desorber operated at a second temperature of about 302° F. to about 450° F. to release the captured terpenes from the sorbent to provide a gaseous stream comprising the released terpenes;
collecting the terpenes from the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber, wherein the terpenes include alpha-pinene, beta-pinene or both;
flowing a side stream of the fluidized bed from the at least one desorber to a reactivator operated at a third temperature of about 1,000° F. to about 1,600° F. to thermally reactivate the sorbent; and
returning the reactivated sorbent to the at least one adsorber,
wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises at least 90% of the terpenes from the process exhaust stream derived from the wood drying process.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the at least one adsorber is directly linked to the at least one desorber.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the process exhaust stream is derived from drying softwoods and the terpines comprise alpha-pinene, beta-pinenes, or a combination thereof.
25. The method of claim 22 , wherein the gaseous stream exiting the at least one desorber comprises alpha-pinene in an amount of from 20 wt-% to about 97 wt-%.
26. The method of claim 22 , further comprising chemically treating the sorbent within the reactivator using steam, super critical carbon dioxide, caustic solution, or any combination thereof.
27. A method for recovering terpenes derived from a wood drying process, comprising:
contacting a process exhaust stream derived from a wood drying process, the process exhaust stream comprising one or more terpenes, with a sorbent at a first temperature, the sorbent configured to capture the one or more terpenes from the process exhaust stream at the first temperature;
thermally treating the sorbent having the captured terpenes at a second temperature, the second temperature sufficient to release the captured terpenes from the sorbent to provide a gaseous stream comprising the released terpenes and treated sorbent;
thermally reactivating a portion of the treated sorbent at a third temperature sufficient to thermally reactivate the sorbent;
combining the treated sorbent and the reactivated sorbent;
contacting the combined treated sorbent and the reactivated sorbent with the process exhaust stream derived from the wood drying process; and
collecting the released terpenes from the gaseous stream, wherein the gaseous stream comprises at least 90% of the terpenes from the process exhaust stream derived from the wood drying process.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the first temperature is about 130° F. to about 220° F.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the second temperature is about 302° F. to about 450° F.
30. The method of claim 27 , wherein the third temperature is between about 1,000° F. and about 1,600° F.
31. The method of claim 27 , wherein the process exhaust stream is derived from drying softwoods.
32. The method of claim 27 , wherein the sorbent is fluidized within an adsorber while contacting the process exhaust stream.
33. The method of claim 27 , further comprising chemically treating the sorbent using steam, super critical carbon dioxide, caustic solution, or any combination thereof while thermally reactivating the sorbent at the third temperature.