WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHOD
The present disclosure is directed to a method of water treatment. The water is passed through an electrolytic cell which converts available chlorides to hypochlorous acid, hydroxyl radicals, or other oxidizing agents. The acid is used to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD), the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and/or the ammonia content of the water. In the absence of sufficient available chlorides, the water inlet stream may be dosed with a chloride solution (e.g. brine).
1 . A process for treating wastewater comprising:
feeding a wastewater stream to an electrolysis cell, the wastewater stream containing chloride ions, the wastewater stream having an initial COD concentration, an initial BOD concentration, and an initial ammonia concentration; and
converting the chloride ions into an oxidizing agent within the electrolysis cell, the oxidizing agent being present in the wastewater stream at a concentration sufficient to reduce at least one of the COD concentration, the BOD concentration, and the ammonia concentration in order to form an aqueous product stream.
2 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is present in the wastewater stream at a concentration sufficient to reduce each of the COD concentration, the BOD concentration, and the ammonia concentration in order to form an aqueous product stream.
3 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the electrolysis cell does not produce a waste stream during the process separate from the product stream.
4 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hypochlorous acid and/or hydroxyl radicals.
5 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the chloride ions present in the wastewater stream are only those chloride ions which were preexisting in the influent wastewater stream.
6 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the wastewater stream comprises chloride ions added by a dosage of a chloride supply.
7 . The process as defined in claim 6 , wherein the chloride supply is a brine solution.
8 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the chloride ion concentration of the wastewater stream being fed to the electrolysis cell is greater than about 500 mg/L, such as greater than about 1000 mg/L, such as greater than about 3000 mg/L.
9 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the process is a continuous process and wherein flow of the wastewater stream is greater than about 0.01 m 3 /hr, such as greater than about 0.1 m 3 /hr, such as greater than about 1 m 3 /hr, such as greater than about 10 m 3 /hr.
10 . The process as defined in claim 1 , further comprising the step of filtering solids from the wastewater stream prior to feeding the wastewater stream through the electrolysis cell.
11 . The process as defined in claim 1 , further comprising the step of monitoring a parameter of the wastewater stream being fed through the electrolysis cell, the electrolysis cell being in communication with a power supply, and wherein voltage supplied to the electrolysis cell by the power supply is increased or decreased based on the monitored parameter for increasing or decreasing respectively the amount of oxidizing agent that is produced, the parameter being flow rate and/or electrical conductivity.
12 . The process as defined in claim 1 , wherein the electrolysis cell is operated at a voltage of from about 10 volts to about 48 volts and at a current of from about 100 amps to about 500 amps.
13 . The process as defined in claim 1 , further comprising the step of monitoring the COD centration, the BOD concentration, and/or the ammonia concentration in the product stream and wherein at least one parameter within the process is changed if a monitored concentration is above a preset limit, the parameter being changed comprising the flow rate of the wastewater stream, the amount of chloride ions in the wastewater stream, or the amount of voltage supplied to the electrolysis cell.
14 . A system for treating a wastewater stream comprising:
an electrolysis cell configured to receive a wastewater stream, the electrolysis cell being configured to convert chloride ions in a wastewater stream to an oxidizing agent for lowering a COD concentration, a BOD concentration, and/or an ammonia concentration in a wastewater stream;
a parameter monitoring device for monitoring a parameter of a wastewater stream, the parameter monitoring device being positioned upstream from the electrolysis cell, the parameter being flow rate and/or electrical conductivity;
a chloride supply for supplying chloride to a wastewater stream, the chloride supply being positioned upstream from the electrolysis cell; and
a controller configured to receive information from the parameter monitoring device, the controller, based on information received from the parameter monitoring device, being configured to selectively control the chloride supply for maintaining chloride concentration within a wastewater stream being fed to the electrolysis cell within preset limits.
15 . The system as defined in claim 14 , further comprising at least one solids separating device positioned upstream from the electrolysis cell that is configured to remove solids from a wastewater stream being fed to the electrolysis cell.
16 . The system as defined in claim 14 , wherein the electrolysis cell is in communication with a variable power supply, the power supply being capable of increasing or decreasing voltage across the electrolysis cell for selectively increasing or decreasing respectively the amount of oxidizing agent produced by the electrolysis cell.
17 . The system as defined in claim 16 , further comprising a parameter monitoring device that monitors a parameter of a wastewater stream being fed to the electrolysis cell, the parameter monitoring device being in communication with a controller, the controller, based on information received from the parameter monitoring device, being configured to control the power supply to the electrolysis cell based upon the parameter of the wastewater stream, the parameter being flow rate and/or electrical conductivity.
18 . The system as defined in claim 14 , further comprising a recirculation line that recirculates a product stream being emitted by the electrolysis cell back to an inlet of the electrolysis cell.