Polycarbonate copolymer blends, articles formed therefrom, and methods of manufacture
A polymer blend including 5 to 95 weight percent of a poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) comprising 40 to 95 mole percent of ester units comprising low heat bisphenol groups and high heat bisphenol groups, wherein the ester units comprise 20 to 80 mole percent of the low heat bisphenol groups and 20 to 80 mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups, based on the total moles of ester units in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate), and 5 to 60 mole percent of carbonate units comprising the low heat bisphenol groups and the high heat bisphenol groups, wherein the carbonate units comprise 20 to 80 mole percent of the low heat bisphenol groups and 20 to 80 mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups, based on the total moles of carbonate units in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate); and 5 to 95 weight percent of a poly(etherimide), wherein the weight percent of each polymer is based on the total weight of the polymers in the blend, and a molded 0.125-inch thick ASTM tensile bar comprising the polymer blend has a haze value of less than 25% as determined according to ASTM D1003 using the color space CIE1931 with Illuminant C and a 2° observer.
1. A polymer blend, comprising
5 to 95 weight percent of a poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) comprising
40 to 95 mole percent of ester units comprising low heat bisphenol groups and high heat bisphenol groups, wherein the ester units comprise 20 to 80 mole percent of the low heat bisphenol groups and 20 to 80 mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups, based on the total moles of ester units in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate), and
5 to 60 mole percent of carbonate units comprising the low heat bisphenol groups and the high heat bisphenol groups,
wherein the carbonate units comprise 20 to 80 mole percent of the low heat bisphenol groups and 20 to 80 mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups, based on the total moles of carbonate units in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate); and
5 to 95 weight percent of a poly(etherimide), wherein
the weight percent of each polymer is based on the total weight of the polymers in the blend, and
a molded 0.125-inch thick ASTM tensile bar comprising the polymer blend has a haze value of less than 25% as determined according to ASTM D1003 using the color space CIE1931 with illuminant C and a 2° observer, and
wherein when the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) and the polyetherimide have a weight ratio of from 4:1 to 1:2, a multiplication product of the mole percent of the ester units and the mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) is greater than 2000, and
when the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) and the polyetherimide have a weight ratio of greater than 4:1 or less than 1:2, a multiplication product of the mole percent of the ester units and the mole percent of the high heat bisphenol groups in the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) is greater than or equal to 1800.
2. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein
compared to the poly(ester-carbonate-carbonate) alone, a composition comprising the polymer blend has at least one of
an improved heat deflection temperature,
a higher glass transition temperature,
an improved strength, or
an improved modulus; and
compared to the polyetherimide alone, a composition comprising the polymer blend has at least one of
a higher melt flow, or
a higher impact strength.
3. The polymer blend of claim 1 , having at least one of
a single glass transition temperature of 200 to 240° C. determined using scanning calorimetry according to ASTM D3418 with a 20° C./min heating rate;
a melt volume rate of 15 to 20 cm 3 /10 minutes determined according to ASTM D1238 at 337° C. and a 6.7 kilogram load with an equilibration time of 360 seconds;
a heat deflection temperature of 180 to 195° C. determined using a 0.125 inch thick unannealed bar according to ASTM D648 at a pressure of 1.82 MPa; or
a flexural modulus of greater than or equal to 2500 MPa determined using a 0.125 inch thick unannealed bar according to ASTM D790.
4. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein a molded sample comprising the polymer blend has at least one of
a coefficient of thermal expansion determined according to ASTM E-831 of 49 to 62 measured cross flow over a temperature of 23 to 150° C.;
a haze of less than 10, or less than 3 determined on a measured according to ASTM D1003 using the color space CIE1931 with Illuminant C and a 2° observer at a 0.125 inch thickness; or
greater than or equal to 70% transmission determined according to ASTM D1003 using the color space CIE1931 with Illuminant C and a 2° observer at a 0.125 inch thickness.
5. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein
a composition comprising the polymer blend has a haze of less than 3 and greater than or equal to 70% transmission each determined according to ASTM D1003 using the color space CIE1931 with illuminant C and a 2° observer at a 0.125 mm thickness.
6. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein a molded sample comprising the polymer blend retains 70% to 100% of its weight average molecular weight after heating in an air circulating oven at 190° C. for 1992 hours.
7. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein
the ester units are of the formula
wherein T is a C 2-20 alkylene, a C 6-20 cycloalkylene, or a C 6-20 arylene, and each R 1 is independently the low heat bisphenol group or the high heat bisphenol group; and
the carbonate units are of the formula,
wherein each R 1 is independently the low heat bisphenol group or the high heat monomer bisphenol group.
8. The polymer blend of claim 7 ,
wherein T comprises isophthaloyl groups, terephthaloyl groups, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, and
wherein R 1 comprises a divalent group derived from bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, bisphenol B, bisphenol C, bisphenol C2, bisphenol E, bisphenol F, bisphenol G, or bisphenol S groups and phthalimidine groups of the formula
wherein R c and R d are each independently a C 1-12 alkyl, C 2-12 alkenyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, or C 1-12 alkoxy, m and n are each independently 0 to 4, and R 4 is hydrogen, C 2-6 alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 5 C 1-6 alkyl groups.
9. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein the low heat bisphenol groups are bisphenol A groups and the high heat bisphenol groups are phthalimidine groups of the formula
10. The polymer blend of claim 1 , wherein the polyetherimide comprise 2 to 1000 structural units of the formula
wherein T is a group of the formula —O—Z—O—, and
each Z is independently a divalent group of the formula
wherein Q is —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —SO 2 —, —SO—, —P(R a )(═O)— wherein R a is a C 1-8 alkyl or C 6-12 aryl, or —C y H 2y — wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5; and
each R is independently
wherein Q 1 is —O—, —S—, —C(O)—, —SO 2 —, —SO—, —P(R d )(═O)— wherein R d is a C 1-8 alkyl or C 6-12 aryl, —C y H 2y — wherein y is an integer from 1 to 5, or —(C 6 H 10 ) z — wherein z is an integer of 1 to 4.
11. The polymer blend of claim 10 , wherein Z comprises bisphenol A groups and R comprises m-phenylene, p-phenylene, bis(4,4′-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,4′-phenylene)sulfone, bis(3,3′-phenylene)sulfone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
12. The polymer blend of claim 1 ,
further comprising a filler, flame retardant, heat stabilizer, ultraviolet light stabilizer, mold release agent, lubricant, processing aid, dye, pigment, or a combination thereof.
13. The polymer blend of claim 1 , further comprising potassium perfluorobutane sulfonate.
14. An article comprising the polymer blend of claim 1 .
15. The article of claim 14 , wherein the article is a heat reflector, light reflector, component of a medical device, food tray, food dish, or optical connector.
16. The polymer blend of claim 8 , claim 1 , wherein the phthalimidine groups are of the formula
wherein R 4 is hydrogen, methyl, or phenyl.
17. The polymer blend of claim 8 , wherein the phthalimidine groups are of the formula
18. The polymer blend of claim 1 further comprising a flame retardant, wherein a composition comprising the polymer blend a V0 rating determined according to UL 94 at a thickness of 1.5 millimeters.
19. The article of claim 14 , wherein the article is a metallized article, injection-molded article, or extruded article.