Method for monitoring a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle and brake system

1. A method for monitoring a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle,

wherein the brake system has the following:

a master brake cylinder with at least one breather hole,

an electrically operated pressure generator,

a simulator comprising a simulator piston and a simulator spring disposed within an interior of the simulator,

a simulator valve, and

a main line,

wherein the master brake cylinder is connected to the pressure generator via the main line and the simulator is connected via the simulator valve to the main line, between the master brake cylinder and the pressure generator,

wherein the method comprises:

generating a volume flow by the pressure generator, wherein the volume flow flows from the pressure generator via the main line to the master brake cylinder and exits the latter via the breather hole,

establishing a volume balance as the difference between the volume that has been discharged from the pressure generator into the main line up to a particular time minus a volume that has exited the master brake cylinder via the breather hole up to the particular time, and

identifying a state of the brake system on the basis of the volume balance or on the basis of a profile with respect to time of the volume balance,

wherein the volume that has exited the master brake cylinder via the breather hole up to the particular time is determined by integration of an outflow of the volume flow through the breather hole over time,

wherein the outflow is determined on the basis of an aperture parameter and a measured pressure in the brake system or in the master brake cylinder, and

wherein the aperture parameter is determined iteratively; and/or determined by a parameter estimation method, such that the volume flow and the outflow are equal in the steady state.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the volume that has been discharged from the pressure generator into the main line up to the particular time is determined on the basis of operating data of the pressure generator.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the aperture parameter is iterated as follows:

ĉ k =ĉ k-1 +μ×( Q k −c k-1 ×√{square root over ( P k )})

where:

ĉ k is the aperture parameter at the iteration step k,

μ is an iteration parameter,

Q k is the volume flow at the iteration step k, and

P k is the pressure at the iteration step k.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the aperture parameter is determined in the presence of constant pressure and/or constant volume flow.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the volume flow is generated continuously for a period of time with the simulator valve closed;

wherein an air volume in the master brake cylinder is determined on the basis of an initial volume balance,

and/or

wherein a leakage of the simulator valve is determined on the basis of a volume balance over the period of time.

6. The method as claimed in in claim 1 , wherein the volume flow is generated continuously for a period of time with the simulator valve closed;

wherein an air volume in the master brake cylinder is determined on the basis of an initial volume balance,

and/or

wherein a leakage of the simulator valve is determined on the basis of a volume balance over the period of time, and

wherein the aperture parameter is determined after a predefined or determined initial time in the period of time.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an aperture is arranged in the breather hole or downstream of the breather hole in terms of flow.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a linear actuator is used as the pressure generator.

9. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the aperture parameter is determined in the presence of constant pressure and/or constant volume flow.

10. A brake system for a motor vehicle, which brake system comprises:

a master brake cylinder with a breather hole,

an electrically operated pressure generator,

a simulator comprising a simulator piston and a spring disposed within an interior of the simulator,

a simulator valve, and

a main line,

wherein the master brake cylinder is connected to the pressure generator via the main line and the simulator is connected via the simulator valve to the main line, between the master brake cylinder and the pressure generator,

and wherein the brake system furthermore has an electronic control device which is configured for carrying out a method as claimed in claim 1 .

11. A method for monitoring a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle,

wherein the brake system has the following:

a master brake cylinder with at least one breather hole,

an electrically operated pressure generator,

a simulator comprising a simulator piston and a simulator spring disposed within an interior of the simulator,

a simulator valve, and

a main line,

wherein the master brake cylinder is connected to the pressure generator via the main line and the simulator is connected via the simulator valve to the main line, between the master brake cylinder and the pressure generator,

the method comprising:

generating a volume flow by the pressure generator, wherein the volume flow flows from the pressure generator via the main line to the master brake cylinder and exits the latter via the breather hole,

establishing a volume balance as the difference between the volume that has been discharged from the pressure generator into the main line up to a particular time minus a volume that has exited the master brake cylinder via the breather hole up to the particular time, and

identifying a state of the brake system on the basis of the volume balance or on the basis of a profile with respect to time of the volume balance,

wherein the volume that has exited the master brake cylinder via the breather hole up to the particular time is determined by integration of an outflow of the volume flow through the breather hole over time,

wherein the outflow is determined on the basis of an aperture parameter and a measured pressure in the brake system or in the master brake cylinder, and

wherein the outflow is determined:

as a product of aperture parameter and the square root of the pressure; and/or

as a product of the aperture parameter and pressure; and/or

as a sum of a product of a first one of the aperture parameter and the pressure, on the one hand, and a product of a second one of the aperture parameter and the square root of the pressure, on the other hand.

12. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein at least of the first aperture parameter and the second aperture parameter is/are determined iteratively; and/or wherein at least of the first aperture parameter and the second aperture parameter is/are determined by a parameter estimation method, such that the volume flow and the outflow are equal in the steady state.

13. A method for monitoring a hydraulic brake system for a motor vehicle,

wherein the brake system has the following:

a master brake cylinder with at least one breather hole,

an electrically operated pressure generator,

a simulator,

a simulator valve, and

a main line,

wherein the master brake cylinder is connected to the pressure generator via the main line and the simulator is connected via the simulator valve to the main line, between the master brake cylinder and the pressure generator,

wherein the method comprises:

generating a volume flow by the pressure generator, wherein the volume flow flows from the pressure generator via the main line to the master brake cylinder and exits the latter via the breather hole,

establishing a volume balance as the difference between the volume that has been discharged from the pressure generator into the main line up to a particular time minus a volume that has exited the master brake cylinder via the breather hole up to the particular time,

identifying a state of the brake system on the basis of the volume balance or on the basis of a profile with respect to time of the volume balance,

generating the volume flow for a first period of time with the simulator valve open, subsequently

closing the simulator valve for a second period of time with the pressure generator deactivated, subsequently

generating the volume flow for a third period of time with the simulator valve open, and ascertaining leakage of the simulator valve in the third period of time on the basis of a volume balance.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the aperture parameter is determined in the first period of time and/or in the third period of time after charging of the simulator.