Anti-reflective film, polarizing plate, and display apparatus

1. An anti-reflective film comprising a hard coating layer, and a low-refractive index layer satisfying Equation 1,

0.2% p≥ΔR=|R 1 −R 0 |  [Equation 1]

wherein in the Equation 1,

R 0 is an average reflectance % of the low-refractive index layer before performing a rubbing test as measured in a wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm, and

R 1 is an average reflectance % of the low-refractive index layer after performing the rubbing test as measured in a wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm, wherein the rubbing test is performed by rubbing a surface of the-low refractive index layer by applying a load of 500 g to a steel wool and reciprocating ten times at a speed of 33 rpm, and

% p=ΔR, wherein AR is the degree of change of the average reflectance before and after the rubbing test,

wherein the low refractive index layer comprises a binder resin, and two or more groups of hollow inorganic particles dispersed in the binder resin and having different particle diameters,

wherein the two or more groups of hollow inorganic particles having different particle diameters include a first group of hollow inorganic particles having a particle diameter of 40 nm to 60 nm as measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and a second group of hollow inorganic particles having a particle diameter of 65 nm to 100 nm as measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and

wherein a weight ratio between the first group of hollow inorganic particles and the second group of hollow inorganic particles is 7:3 to 3:7.

2. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein

the R 0 value in the Equation 1 is 0.1 to 2.0%.

3. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein

the R 1 value in the Equation 1 is 0.3 to 2.2%.

4. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein

the low-refractive index layer also satisfies Equation 2:

1≥Δ b*=|b* 1 −b* 0 |  [Equation 2]

wherein in the Equation 2,

b* 0 is a b* value in a CIE (L*a*b*) color coordinate system of the low-refractive index layer before the rubbing test as defined by the International Commission on Illumination, and

b* 1 is a b* value in a CIE (L*a*b*) color coordinate system of the low-refractive index layer after the rubbing test as defined by the International Commission on Illumination.

5. The anti-reflective film of claim 4 , wherein

the b* 0 value in the Equation 2 is 2 to −10.

6. The anti-reflective film of claim 4 , wherein

the b* 1 value in the Equation 2 is 3 to −9.

7. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein

the binder resin of the low-refractive index layer comprises a copolymer of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate-based monomer containing a 2- to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer and a 5- or a 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer.

8. The anti-reflective film of claim 7 , wherein

a weight ratio between the 2- to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer and the 5- or 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer is 9:1 to 6:4.

9. The anti-reflective film of claim 7 , wherein

2 to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer has a pentaerythritol structure at its center, represented by the following Chemical Formula 1

in Chemical Formula 1, R 1 to R 4 are a hydroxy group, a (meth)acrylate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-40 alkoxy group, with the proviso that at least one of them is a (meth)acrylate group, and the 5- or 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer has a dipentaerythritol structure at its center, represented by the following Chemical Formula 2

in Chemical Formula 2, R 11 to R 16 are a hydroxyl group, a (meth)acrylate group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-40 alkoxy group, with the proviso that at least one of them is a (meth)acrylate group.

10. The anti-reflective film of claim 7 , wherein

the 2- to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer and the 5- or 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer are included in a weight ratio of 9:1 to 6:4.

11. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein

the anti-reflective film further comprises a light-transmitting substrate of which retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of 3000 nm or more as measured at a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm.

12. A polarizing plate comprising the anti-reflective film of claim 1 .

13. A display apparatus comprising the anti-reflective film of claim 1 .

14. A display apparatus comprising the polarizing plate of claim 12 .

15. The anti-reflective film of claim 9 , wherein

the 2- to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer is selected from pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, or a mixture thereof, and wherein the 5- to a 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer is selected from dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, or a mixture thereof.

16. The anti-reflective film of claim 10 , wherein

the weight ratio between the 2- to 4-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer and the 5- to 6-functional (meth)acrylate-based monomer is 8.5:1.5 to 6.5:3.5.