Multispectral LiDAR transceiver

1. A scanning device for laser detection and ranging (LiDAR), the scanning device comprising, arranged in optical free space:

an optical input for receiving a pulsed broadband laser beam, the pulsed broadband laser beam having a linear polarization;

a separating unit configured for transmitting the pulsed broadband laser beam along a scanning optical path while changing the linear polarization into a circular polarization;

a wavelength selection unit configured for:

receiving the pulsed broadband laser beam from the separating unit,

filtering the pulsed broadband laser beam in order to get a filtered laser beam having a current wavelength that can be selected among a plurality of selectable wavelengths, and deflecting the filtered laser beam on a scanning unit along the scanning optical path to result in a deflected filtered laser beam,

the scanning unit being configured:

to steer the deflected filtered laser beam along a plurality of current local directions inside a predefined solid angle,

to receive reflections of the filtered laser beam, the reflections coming back from surroundings, the reflections having an orthogonal circular polarization compared to the circular polarization of the pulsed broadband laser beam, and

to transmit back the received reflections to the separating unit through the wavelength selection unit along a detection optical path, wherein the detection optical path and the scanning optical path have a same light path through the wavelength selection unit and the scanning unit, but opposite direction of light propagation,

wherein the separating unit is further configured for deviating the reflections on a broadband detector while changing the orthogonal circular polarization into an orthogonal linear polarization compared to the linear polarization of the pulsed broadband laser beam,

the broadband detector being configured

to receive deviated reflections deviated by the separating unit, and

to detect a time-of-flight and an optical power of the deviated reflections.

2. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the broadband detector is a single, non-tunable, detector.

3. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the separating unit comprises:

a polarizing beam splitter configured to perform said transmitting of the pulsed broadband laser beam along the scanning optical path and to deviate the reflections along the detection optical path, and

an optical component being disposed on a same light path between the polarizing beam splitter and the wavelength selection unit and being configured to convert a linear polarization into a circular polarization along the scanning optical path and to convert an orthogonal circular polarization into an orthogonal linear polarization along the detection optical path.

4. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflections are deviated at a predefined angle to give the deviated reflections, such that the deviated reflections reach the broadband detector.

5. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength selection unit comprises a grating for diffracting the pulsed broadband laser beam, and a minor, one of the grating and the mirror being orientable, whose orientation is adjustable in order to select a 1 st order of a selected wavelength diffracted beam.

6. The scanning device according to claim 5 , wherein the selected wavelength diffracted beam has a FWHM up to 30 nm.

7. The scanning device according to claim 5 , wherein the selected wavelength diffracted beam has a FWHM in the range of 10 nm to 20 nm.

8. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths are spaced with each other by at least 10 nm.

9. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths are spaced with each other by 15 nm.

10. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths are spaced with each other by 20 nm.

11. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths are in the range of 900 nm to 1700 nm.

12. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths comprises at least three wavelengths.

13. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths comprises at least five wavelengths.

14. The scanning device according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of selectable wavelengths comprises at least ten wavelengths.

15. The scanning device according to claim 1 , further comprising a broadband laser source configured to send the pulsed broadband laser beam to the separating unit through the optical input.

16. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the pulsed broadband laser beam has a frequency above 300 kHz.

17. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the predefined solid angle has a horizontal angular dimension in the range of 45 degrees to 360 degrees and a vertical angular dimension in the range of 10 degrees to 180 degrees.

18. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the predefined solid angle has a horizontal angular dimension in the range of 90 degrees to 180 degrees and a vertical angular dimension in the range of 20 degrees to 90 degrees.

19. The scanning device according to claim 1 , wherein the predefined solid angle has a horizontal angular dimension of 120 degrees and a vertical angular dimension of 30 degrees.

20. The scanning device according to claim 1 , further comprising:

a memory configured to store a set of wavelength values corresponding to the plurality of selectable wavelengths,

the scanning device further comprising:

processing means configured for the scanning device to successively select a wavelength current value in the set of wavelength values at a wavelength selection rate, wherein the wavelength selection rate is higher than 3 Hz, and

controlling means configured to control the wavelength selection unit in order to tune the wavelength selection unit to a wavelength current value.

21. The scanning device according to claim 20 , further comprising:

driving means configured to control the scanning unit for steering said deflected filtered laser beam along said plurality of current local directions inside said predefined solid angle, and

the scanning device being further configured to record in the memory an optical power and a time-of-flight in relation with the current wavelength value and coordinates of a current local direction.

22. The scanning device according to claim 17 and according to claim 21 , wherein the scanning unit is configured for:

vertically scanning the entire vertical angular dimension of the solid angle, the vertical scanning being repeatedly performed at a vertical scan frequency, and

horizontally scanning the entire horizontal angular dimension of the solid angle, the horizontal scanning being repeatedly performed at a horizontal scan frequency.

23. The scanning device according to claim 22 , wherein a wavelength selection rate is lower than the horizontal scan frequency and the vertical scan frequency.

24. The scanning device according to claim 22 , wherein the horizontal scan frequency is at least 10 times higher than a wavelength rate.