Multi-operation tool for photovoltaic cell processing
Multi-operation tools for photovoltaic cell processing are described. In an example, a multi-operation tool includes a conveyor system to move a photovoltaic (PV) cell continuously along a conveyor path through a laser scribing station and an adhesive printing station. Furthermore, the PV cell may be aligned to a laser head of the laser scribing station and a printer head of the adhesive printing station in a single alignment operation prior to being laser scribed and printed with an adhesive in a continuous process.
1. A method, comprising:
loading a photovoltaic (PV) cell on a cell platform of a conveyor system of a multi-operation tool, wherein the conveyor system includes an actuator operably coupled to the cell platform to move the cell platform along a conveyor path from a loading location to an unloading location;
moving the cell platform along the conveyor path from the loading location to a lasing location, wherein the lasing location is under a laser head of a laser scribing station of the multi-operation tool;
laser scribing, by the laser head, a scribe line on a first surface of the PV cell;
moving the cell platform along the conveyor path from the lasing location to a printing location, wherein the printing location is under a printer head of an adhesive printing station of the multi-operation tool; and
printing, by the printer head, an adhesive on the first surface of the PV cell, wherein the actuator is a rotary actuator operably coupled to the cell platform to rotate the cell platform about an axis, and wherein the loading location, the lasing location, and the printing location are circumferentially aligned on the conveyor path at a same radius from the axis.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
determining a position of a reference point on the PV cell; and
moving one or more of the laser head, the printer head, or the cell platform based on the determined position.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the one or more of the laser head, the printer head, or the cell platform are moved to maintain the reference point at a predetermined radial distance from one or more of the lasing location or the printing location.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising laser scribing a second scribe line on the surface of the PV cell, wherein the scribe lines are scribed across the surface parallel to each other.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the scribe lines are scribed across the surface tangential to the conveyor path.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising cleaving the PV cell along the scribe lines to form PV subcells.
7. The method of claim 6 further comprising bonding, by the adhesive, the cleaved PV subcells to form a super cell.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the adhesive is an electrically conductive adhesive.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell platform is configured to support a second surface of the PV cell along the conveyor path such that the first surf ace of the PV cell is moved through the lasing location and the printing location, the second surface being opposite from the first surface of the PV cell.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
moving the scribed PV cell with a printed adhesive on the first surface of the PV cell from the unloading location to a cleaving system.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is a rotary actuator operably coupled to the cell platform to rotate the cell platform about an axis, and wherein the loading location, the lasing location, and the printing location are circumferentially aligned on the conveyor path at a same radius from the axis.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conveyor path is a linear path extending from the loading location to the unloading location.
13. A method, comprising:
supporting a bottom surface of a photovoltaic (PV) cell on a cell platform of a conveyor system, wherein the conveyor system includes an actuator operably coupled to the cell platform to move the cell platform along a conveyor path from a loading location to an unloading location;
moving the cell platform along the conveyor path from the loading location to a lasing location of a laser scribing station;
laser scribing, at the lasing location, a scribe line on a top surface of the PV cell;
moving the cell platform along the conveyor path from the lasing location to a printing location of an adhesive printing station; and
printing, at the printing location, an adhesive on the top surface of the PV cell, wherein the actuator is a rotary actuator operably coupled to the cell platform to rotate the cell platform about an axis, and wherein the loading location, the lasing location, and the printing location are circumferentially aligned on the conveyor path at a same radius from the axis;
moving the cell platform along the conveyor path from the printing location to the unloading location.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising determining a position of a reference point on the PV cell mounted on the cell platform.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein determining the position of the reference point on the PV cell is performed by a vision system positioned along the conveyor path between the loading location and the lasing location.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the PV cell comprises a metallization pattern.
17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising moving the scribed PV cell with a printed adhesive on a top surface of the PV cell from the unloading location to a cleaving system.
18. The method of claim 17 further comprising cleaving the PV cell along the scribe lines to form PV subcells.
19. The method of claim 18 further comprising bonding, by the adhesive, the cleaved PV subcells to form a super cell.