Systems and methods for multi-stage well stimulation
A system for stimulating a subterranean formation that has a wellbore formed within the subterranean formation; and a tubular disposed within the wellbore. There is a first frac valve disposed within the tubular, the first frac valve having a first sleeve in a closed position, and further configured to move to an open position. There is an at least a second frac valve disposed within the tubular, the second frac valve having a respective sleeve in a respective closed position, and further configured to move to a respective open position. A dart is configured to pass through the first frac valve without moving the first sleeve, and to subsequently engage the second frac valve to move the respective sleeve to the respective open position.
1. A system for use in a wellbore formed in a subterranean formation, the system comprising:
a tubular disposed within the wellbore;
a first frac valve disposed within the tubular, the first frac valve having a first sleeve in a closed position, and further configured to move to an open position;
a second frac valve disposed within the tubular downhole from the first frac valve, the second frac valve having a respective sleeve in a respective closed position, and further configured to move to a respective open position;
a dart deployable into the tubular, and being configured to pass through the first frac valve without moving the first sleeve to the open position, and to subsequently engage the second frac valve, and to move the respective sleeve to the respective open position,
wherein the dart comprises an adjustment mechanism being adjustable from a first position that allows the dart to pass through the first frac valve, to a second position that facilitates engagement of the dart with the second frac valve, the adjustment mechanism further comprising:
a mandrel comprising an outer surface;
an indexing sleeve moveably disposed on the outer surface, the indexing sleeve configured to control movement of the adjustment mechanism from the first position to the second position;
an upper collet and a lower collet formed on the indexing sleeve; and
a series of grooves formed on the outer surface, such that either of the upper and lower collet are engagable by respective grooves as the indexing sleeve increments axially relative the mandrel.
2. The system of claim 1 , the dart further comprising:
a restraint surface formed at an uphole end of the mandrel; and
a mandrel shoulder formed at the uphole end of the mandrel.
3. The system of claim 1 , the system comprising a plurality of additional frac valves, wherein the total number of valves the dart passes through without opening any of corresponds to a total number of grooves of the series of grooves that are not covered by the indexing sleeve when the indexing sleeve is in the first position.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein each frac valve the dart passes through increments the indexing sleeve axially along one groove of the series of grooves.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one dart further comprises an uphole portion of the mandrel that is radially expandable to contact an inside diameter of the second frac valve and form a seal.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the radially expandable uphole portion of the mandrel has a tapered inside diameter.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel comprises one or more ridges configured to form a seal when the dart is sealable against an inside surface of the second frac valve.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel comprises a packing element disposed therearound, the packing element being radially expandable to form a seal between the dart and an inside surface of the second frac valve.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dart is configured to open a respective sleeve of an additional frac valve.
10. The system of claim 1 , the dart further comprising a cap on a downhole end of the mandrel to limit downhole movement of the indexing sleeve, and wherein the dart comprises a bore through the mandrel to provide passage of production fluid.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dart further comprises ball seatable on an uphole end of the dart to block a bore through the mandrel.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein a second dart is configured to move the first sleeve from the closed position to the open position.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dart is flowable back upstream by movement of the indexing sleeve along the mandrel to allow the dart to pass upstream through the first frac valve.
14. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second frac valve comprises a temporary no-go shoulder formed on the respective sleeve, and a groove for receiving the temporary no-go shoulder when the respective sleeve is moved to the open position, thus allowing passage of the at least one dart through the second frac valve after the respective sleeve of the second frac valve has been opened.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel is movable relative to the indexing sleeve to shift at least one of the upper collet and lower collet from a collet engaged position to a collet unengaged position.
16. A system for use in a wellbore formed in a subterranean formation, the system comprising:
a tubular disposed within the wellbore;
a first frac valve disposed within the tubular, the first frac valve having a first sleeve in a closed position, and further configured to move to an open position;
a second frac valve disposed within the tubular downhole from the first frac valve, the second frac valve having a respective sleeve in a respective closed position, and further configured to move to a respective open position;
a dart deployable into the tubular, and being configured to pass through the first frac valve without moving the first sleeve to the open position, and to subsequently engage the second frac valve, and to move the respective sleeve to the respective open position, the dart further comprising:
a mandrel comprising an outer surface;
an indexing sleeve moveably disposed on the outer surface, the indexing sleeve configured to control movement of the adjustment mechanism from the first position to the second position;
an indexing sleeve further comprising an upper collet and a lower collet; and
a series of grooves formed on the outer surface, such that either of the upper and lower collet are engagable by respective grooves as the indexing sleeve increments axially relative the mandrel,
wherein the dart is configured in a first position that allows the dart to pass through the first frac valve, and is movable to a second position that facilitates engagement of the dart with the second frac valve.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein as the dart passes through the first frac valve the indexing sleeve increments one groove axially along.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the mandrel comprises a packing element disposed therearound, the packing element being radially expandable to form a seal between the dart and an inside surface of the second frac valve.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the dart is configured to open a respective frac sleeve of an additional frac valve, and wherein the dart further comprises a ball engaged on an uphole end of the dart to block a bore through the mandrel.
20. The system of claim 19 , the system further comprising a second dart configured to move the first sleeve from the closed position to the open position.