Circuit architecture for distributed multiplexed control and element signals for phased array antenna
The phased array antenna system is described. The phased array antenna system formed on one or more layers of a printed circuit board (PCB). The phased array antenna system be may include a beam forming network to convert between one or more element signals and a beam signal. The phased array antenna system may include one or more control circuits, where each control circuit may receive the element signals for corresponding antenna element. Each of the control circuits may further may establish a control signal path and an element signal path between the antenna elements and the beamforming network, where the signal path may carry multiplexed element and control signals. The control circuits may include a signal adjustment circuit that may adjust the corresponding element signal (e.g., in phase or amplitude) based on the control signal.
1. A method of operating a phased array antenna system, comprising:
communicating a beam signal and a control signal in a composite multiplexed signal, the control signal associated with a first control circuit of a plurality of control circuits, wherein the beam signal and the control signal occupy non-overlapping frequency bands;
converting the composite multiplexed signal using a beam forming network between the composite multiplexed signal and a plurality of individual signals at each of a plurality of element signal ports;
communicating the plurality of individual signals via the plurality of element signal ports to corresponding control circuits of the plurality of control circuits coupled to the beam forming network, wherein each individual signal of the plurality of individual signals comprises a respective element beam signal of a plurality of element beam signals and a respective element control signal of a plurality of element control signals;
obtaining, at the first control circuit, the respective element control signal from a first individual signal of the plurality of individual signals;
adjusting, at the first control circuit, a first element beam signal to obtain a first adjusted element beam signal based at least in part on the respective element control signal;
communicating, at the first control circuit, the first adjusted element beam signal; and
synchronizing each of the plurality of control circuits using respective element control signals, wherein the synchronizing comprises:
generating a clock signal at the first control circuit based at least in part on a carrier frequency of the control signal.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
obtaining, at the first control circuit, address information from the respective element control signal, the address information comprising an address of a control circuit for which the control signal is intended; and
comparing, at the first control circuit, an address of the first control circuit to the address information, wherein the adjusting is based at least in part on the comparison.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the address information comprises at least one error correction bit.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the obtaining further comprises:
identifying the address of the first control circuit based at least in part on one or more of a row voltage obtained by a row voltage divider, a column voltage obtained by a column voltage divider, or a combination thereof, each row voltage divider comprising a plurality of row voltage divider elements and each column voltage divider comprising a plurality of column voltage divider elements.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the obtaining further comprises:
identifying the address of the first control circuit based at least in part on respective coupling of a plurality of address pins of the first control circuit.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the control signal comprises control information for each of the plurality of control circuits.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
demodulating, at the first control circuit, the control information for each of the plurality of control circuits from the respective element control signal.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
multiplexing the beam signal and the control signal with a power signal to generate the composite multiplexed signal.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
decoupling, at the first control circuit, the power signal from the first individual signal; and
supplying power to the first control circuit with the decoupled power signal.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adjusting further comprises:
applying an amplitude adjustment to the first element beam signal;
applying a phase adjustment to the first element beam signal; or
a combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
communicating the control signal comprises multiplexing the control signal with the beam signal to obtain the composite multiplexed signal; and
communicating the first adjusted element beam signal from an antenna element corresponding to the first control circuit.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
determining a scan angle direction for a beam; and
multiplexing the beam signal and the control signal, wherein the control signal comprises beamforming coefficients for the beam.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining a plurality of beam directions; and
multiplexing the beam signal and the control signal, wherein the control signal comprises a plurality of beamforming coefficients for the first control circuit for the plurality of beam directions.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
multiplexing the beam signal with an additional control signal associated with the first control circuit, wherein the additional control signal comprises an indicator of a selection of a beamforming coefficient from among the plurality of beamforming coefficients.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of beam directions correspond to a step track or a conical scan.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
receiving one or more receive element beam signals at the first control circuit; and
adjusting, at the first control circuit, the one or more receive element beam signals to obtain one or more adjusted receive element beam signals based at least in part on the respective element control signal.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
multiplexing the one or more adjusted receive element beam signals with the control signal into a multiplexed signal;
communicating the multiplexed signal to the beam forming network; and
combining, at the beam forming network, the one or more adjusted receive element beam signals of the multiplexed signal into a received beam signal.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beam forming network comprises one or more layers of a printed circuit board (PCB), and wherein the first control circuit is located on a first layer of the PCB, and wherein the communicating by the first control circuit comprises communicating via an antenna element located on a second layer of the PCB.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the control signal comprises a plurality of commands comprising modulated control information, and wherein the modulated control information comprises address information associated with the plurality of control circuits.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
modulating a plurality of commands to obtain the control signal, wherein the plurality of commands comprises a first command comprising control information for the first control circuit;
demodulating, at the first control circuit, the respective element control signal to obtain the plurality of commands; and
obtaining the control information from the first command based at least in part on a demodulated address of the first command matching an address of the first control circuit, wherein adjusting, at the first control circuit, the first element beam signal to obtain the first adjusted element beam signal is based at least in part on the control information.