Valve with pressure differential seating
A valve for use in oil and gas production or similar applications includes a plug or other flow barrier disposed in a cavity of a hollow valve body with a metal-to-metal sealing surface that is not reliant on any rubberized or elastomeric material to effect a seal.
1. A valve comprising:
a valve body comprising a cavity;
an interior bore comprising a central longitudinal axis;
a flow barrier disposed within said cavity and operable to move between an open position in which the interior bore is unobstructed and a closed position in which the flow barrier obstructs the interior bore;
a seat disposed within said cavity, said seat comprising:
a first axial surface substantially concentric with the central longitudinal axis of the interior bore;
a first radial surface configured to form a seal with said flow barrier; and
a second radial surface axially distal from, and larger than, the first radial surface, configured such that axial pressure is exerted on the second radial surface by fluid flowing through the interior bore when the flow barrier is in the open position;
a seat bushing disposed within said cavity, said seat bushing comprising a first radial surface;
said seat bushing and seat disposed such that the first radial surface of the seat bushing does not directly contact the seat.
2. The valve of claim 1 in which the seat further comprises a first keyed portion and the seat bushing further comprises a second keyed portion configured to engage with the first keyed portion, such that the seat bushing may be used to remove the seat.
3. The valve of claim 1 , in which the seat bushing comprises a second radial surface which does not contact any other portion of the valve.
4. The valve of claim 1 in which the flow barrier comprises a plug.
5. The valve of claim 1 in which the flow barrier comprises a ball.
6. The valve of claim 1 in which the flow barrier comprises a gate.
7. The valve of claim 1 in which the seat is comprised of metal, such that contact between the first radial surface and the flow barrier creates a metal-to-metal seal.
8. The valve of claim 1 , further comprising a biasing member configured to exert an axial force on the seat in the direction of the flow barrier and wherein the seat further comprises a support in engagement with the biasing member.
9. The valve of claim 1 in which:
the seat bushing further comprises a first axial surface; and
the seat further comprises:
a second axial surface adjacent to the first axial surface of the seat bushing; and
a third surface that intersects both the first radial surface and the second axial surface.
10. The valve of claim 1 , further comprising a body bushing comprising a first radial surface and a second radial surface, configured such that:
the first radial surface is adjacent to the second radial surface of the seat; and
the second radial surface is adjacent to the first radial surface of the seat bushing.
11. The valve of claim 10 , further comprising a biasing member in engagement with a radial surface of the body bushing and configured to exert an axial force on the body bushing in the direction of the flow barrier.
12. The valve of claim 1 , wherein the interior bore is formed in the valve body.
13. The valve of claim 12 , further comprising a biasing member disposed between the valve body and the seat and configured to exert an axial force on the seat in the direction of the flow barrier.
14. The valve of claim 12 , further comprising a body bushing comprising a first radial surface, a second radial surface, and a third radial surface configured such that:
the first radial surface is adjacent to the second radial surface of the seat;
the second radial surface is adjacent to the first radial surface of the seat bushing; and
the third radial surface is adjacent to the valve body.
15. The valve of claim 14 , wherein the area of the third radial surface of the body bushing is smaller than the area of the first radial surface of the body bushing.
16. The valve of claim 1 , further comprising one or more removable bore end connections, wherein the interior bore is formed in the one or more removable bore end connections.
17. The valve of claim 16 , further comprising a biasing member disposed between the removable bore end connection and the seat and configured to exert an axial force on the seat in the direction of the flow barrier.
18. The valve of claim 16 , further comprising a body bushing comprising a first radial surface, a second radial surface, and a third radial surface configured such that:
the first radial surface is adjacent to the second radial surface of the seat;
the second radial surface is adjacent to the first radial surface of the seat bushing; and
the third radial surface is adjacent to the removable bore end connection.
19. The valve of claim 18 , wherein the area of the third radial surface of the body bushing is smaller than the area of the first radial surface of the body bushing.
20. The valve of claim 16 , wherein the connection between the removable bore-end connection and the valve body is threaded.