Packaging system for oxygen-sensitive drugs
Described herein are pharmaceutical packaging systems which prevent oxidative degradation of oxygen-sensitive drugs, such systems including a primary packaging container with an oxygen permeable component, a secondary packaging with very low permeability to oxygen and an oxygen absorber.
1. A pharmaceutical product comprising:
(i) a container filled under inert conditions with an injectable oxygen-sensitive drug, wherein the container has an oxygen permeable component,
(ii) a hermetically sealed oxygen barrier secondary packaging which houses the container, wherein the secondary packaging comprises a multilayer web material comprised of an oxygen barrier material; and
(iii) an oxygen absorber inside the secondary packaging, wherein the oxygen absorber reduces the oxygen level present from the time of packaging assembly to about zero percent in about one to three days in the secondary packaging and in about one to three months in the container, and the oxygen levels in the secondary packaging and in the container remain at about zero percent for at least one year after the initial reduction in oxygen levels.
2. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen barrier material is selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethlyene (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), vinylidene chloride-methyl acrylate copolymer, polyester, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), amorphous PET, glycol modified PET (PET-G), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), ethylene acrylic acid copolymer (EAA), polyamide (PA), metalized film, aluminum foil, oxide coated films and combinations thereof.
3. The pharmaceutical product of claim 2 , wherein the oxygen barrier material is selected from the group consisting of EVOH, PVOH, PVC, PVDC, PCTFE, vinylidene chloride-methyl acrylate copolymer, polyamide, polyester, a metalized film, oxide coated films, and combinations thereof.
4. The pharmaceutical product of claim 2 , wherein the oxygen barrier material is present in the form of a multilayer film.
5. The pharmaceutical product of claim 4 , wherein the multilayer film comprises one of PVC/EVOH, PET/EVOH, PET/EVOH/PE, PET/EVOH/PET, PE/EVOH/PE, PVC/PCTFE/EVOH, paper/aluminum(Al)/PE, PET/Al/PE, paper/PE/foil/PE, paper/PET/Al, clay-coated paper/PE/foil/LDPE, and paper/LDPE/foil/EEA.
6. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer web material comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH).
7. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer web material comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and aluminum foil.
8. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the container is one of a syringe, cartridge, ampoule, bottle, carpule, bag, and vial.
9. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the secondary packaging is flexible or rigid.
10. The pharmaceutical product of claim 9 , wherein the secondary packaging is a bag or a pouch.
11. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber is one of a canister, sachet, pouch, capsule, label, sticker, strip, patch, cartridge and container.
12. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber is incorporated into the material of the secondary packaging.
13. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber has a capacity to absorb about 30 cc oxygen at 1 atm.
14. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber is selected from the group consisting of reduced iron compounds, catechol, ascorbic acid and analogs thereof, metal ligands, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and polyamides.
15. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber reduces the oxygen level in the secondary packaging from the time of packaging assembly to about zero percent at about one day.
16. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen absorber reduces the oxygen level in the container from the time of packaging assembly to about zero percent at about one month.
17. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen level remains at about zero percent in the container and the secondary packaging for at least three years.
18. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the drug comprises one of an amine, a sulfide, an allylic alcohol, a phenol and another chemical group that can have reactivity with oxygen.
19. The pharmaceutical product of claim 1 , wherein the drug is selected from morphine, hydromorphone, promethazine, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, esterified estrogen, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, danofloxacin, erythromycin, penicillin, cyclosporine, methyldopate, cetirizine, diltiazem, verapamil, mexiletine, chlorothiazide, carbamazepine, selegiline, oxybutynin, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, L cysteine and L-tryptophan.
20. A pharmaceutical product comprising:
(i) a container filled under inert conditions with one of morphine, hydromorphone, promethazine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, diltiazem, verapamil, and cetirizine, wherein the container has an oxygen permeable component,
(ii) a hermetically sealed oxygen barrier secondary packaging which houses the container, wherein the secondary packaging comprises a multilayer web material comprised of an oxygen barrier material; and
(iii) an oxygen absorber inside the secondary packaging, wherein the oxygen absorber reduces the oxygen level present from the time of packaging assembly to about zero percent in about one to three days in the secondary packaging and in about one to three months in the container, and the oxygen levels in the secondary packaging and in the container remain at about zero percent for at least one year after the initial reduction in oxygen levels.
21. The pharmaceutical product of claim 20 , wherein the container is one of a syringe, vial, cartridge, ampoule, bottle, and carpule, and the secondary packaging is a bag or a pouch.
22. A pharmaceutical product comprising:
(i) a container filled under inert conditions with one of hydromorphone, morphine, acetominophen, ibuprofen, epinephrine, norepinephrine, diltiazem, and cetirizine, wherein the container has an oxygen permeable component,
(ii) a hermetically sealed oxygen barrier secondary packaging which houses the container, wherein the secondary packaging comprises a multilayer web material comprised of an oxygen barrier material; and
(iii) an oxygen absorber inside the secondary packaging, wherein the oxygen absorber reduces the oxygen level present from the time of packaging assembly to about zero percent in about one to three days in the secondary packaging and in about one to three months in the container, and the oxygen levels in the secondary packaging and in the container remain at about zero percent for at least one year after the initial reduction in oxygen levels.
23. The pharmaceutical product of claim 22 , wherein the container is a bag and the secondary packaging is one of a bag or a pouch.