System for treating thrombus in body lumens
The present disclosure relates generally to thrombectomy devices. An exemplary catheter comprises: an emitter assembly comprising at least one emitter; wherein each emitter comprises an electrode pair, and wherein each emitter is configured to generate a plurality of cavitation bubbles when a voltage is applied to the pair of electrodes; an infusion lumen formed by at least a portion of an outer wall of the catheter, the infusion lumen configured to receive a conductive fluid, wherein the emitter assembly is housed within the infusion lumen, wherein a distal segment of the infusion lumen includes a plurality of holes on the portion of the outer wall of the catheter, and wherein the plurality of holes are configured to release the conductive fluid and the plurality of cavitation bubbles out of the catheter to treat thrombus at a treatment site; an aspiration lumen including aspiration ports at the distal segment thereof.
1. A catheter comprising:
an emitter assembly comprising at least one emitter;
wherein each emitter comprises an electrode pair, and
wherein each emitter is configured to generate a plurality of cavitation bubbles when voltage pulses are applied to the pair of electrodes;
an infusion lumen formed by at least a portion of an outer wall of the catheter, the infusion lumen configured to receive a conductive fluid,
wherein the emitter assembly is housed within the infusion lumen,
wherein a distal segment of the infusion lumen includes a plurality of holes on the portion of the outer wall of the catheter, and
wherein the plurality of holes are configured to release the conductive fluid and the plurality of cavitation bubbles out of the catheter to treat thrombus at a treatment site;
an aspiration lumen formed in the catheter and including a plurality of aspiration ports at the distal segment of the aspiration lumen.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the emitter assembly comprises:
an elongated conductive tube;
an insulated wire having a helically coiled portion at an end of the insulated wire,
wherein the coiled portion includes an exposed tip, and
wherein the coiled portion is positioned within the elongated conductive tube; and
wherein, when a pulsed voltage is applied across the insulated wire and the elongated conductive tube, a current is configured to flow from the exposed distal tip of the insulated wire to the elongated conductive tube to generate the plurality of cavitation bubbles.
3. The catheter of claim 2 , wherein the elongated conductive tube comprises a slot, and wherein the current is configured to flow from the exposed distal tip of the insulated wire to an edge of the slot.
4. The catheter of claim 2 , wherein the current is configured to flow from the exposed distal tip of the insulated wire to an inner wall of the elongated conductive tube.
5. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the emitter assembly comprises a first wire and a second wire,
wherein at least a portion of insulation is removed from a portion of the first wire to define one electrode of the pair of electrodes,
wherein at least a portion of insulation is removed from a portion of the second wire to define a second electrode of the pair of electrodes,
wherein the portion of the first wire is interleaved with the portion of the second wire,
wherein, when a pulsed voltage is applied across the first wire and the second wire, a current is configured to flow from the first wire to the second wire to generate the plurality of cavitation bubbles.
6. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the emitter assembly comprises:
a conductive sheath, and
an insulated wire having an exposed tip,
wherein a current is configured to flow from the exposed distal tip of the insulated wire to the conductive sheath to generate the plurality of cavitation bubbles.
7. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of holes are arranged in three rows spaced 120 degrees apart on the outer wall of the catheter.
8. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the infusion lumen is Y-shaped.
9. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein a pump is configured to deliver a continuous flow of conductive fluid to the emitter assembly through the infusion lumen.
10. The catheter of claim 9 , wherein the conductive fluid comprises saline.
11. The catheter of claim 9 , wherein the continuous flow of conductive fluid flushes debris into the aspiration lumen via the plurality of aspiration ports.
12. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein a pump is configured to apply suction at a proximal end of the aspiration lumen to suck debris into the aspiration lumen via the plurality of aspiration ports.
13. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein an aspiration port of the plurality of aspiration ports is larger than a hole of the plurality of holes.
14. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising a guide wire lumen for accommodating a guide wire.
15. The catheter of claim 14 , further comprising a distal cap configured to seal a distal end of the catheter, wherein the distal cap comprises a hole for accommodating the guide wire.
16. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising an electrical wire lumen for accommodating one or more wires of the emitter assembly.
17. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein a voltage of the applied voltage pulses is between 500V and 1200V.
18. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein a repetition rate of the applied voltage pulses is adjustable between 25 Hz and 200 Hz.
19. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the electrode pair comprises a spark gap between electrodes of the pair, the spark gap being less than 0.005 inches.