Display panel utilizing self-luminous elements and method of manufacturing same

1. A display panel comprising:

a substrate;

anodes disposed on or above the substrate;

light-emitting layers disposed on or above the anodes;

a first intermediate layer disposed on or above the light-emitting layers, the first intermediate layer including a fluoride of a first metal or a complex of the first metal;

a second intermediate layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer being a metal layer made of a second metal; and

a cathode disposed on or above the second intermediate layer, wherein

the anodes are light-transmissive and the cathode is light-reflective, or the anodes are light-reflective and the cathode is light-transmissive,

the first metal is selected from a group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals,

the second metal is selected from rare earth metals,

the display panel further comprises a functional layer,

the cathode is disposed above the second intermediate layer, and

the functional layer is disposed on the second intermediate layer and has at least one of an electron transporting property and an electron injecting property.

2. The display panel of claim 1 , wherein

the second metal is ytterbium.

3. The display panel of claim 1 , wherein

each region between a face of one of the anodes facing the light-emitting layers and a face of the cathode facing the light-emitting layers constitutes an optical resonator having both of the faces as reflecting surfaces.

4. A method of manufacturing a display panel comprising:

forming anodes on or above a substrate;

forming light-emitting; layers on or above the anodes;

forming a first intermediate layer on or above the light-emitting layers, the first intermediate layer including a fluoride of a first metal or a complex of the first metal;

forming a second intermediate layer on the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer being a metal layer made of a second metal; and

forming a cathode on or above the second intermediate layer, wherein

the anodes are light-transmissive and the cathode is light-reflective; or the anodes are light-reflective and the cathode is light-transmissive,

the first metal is selected from a group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals,

the second metal is selected from rare earth metals,

the method further comprises forming a functional layer,

the cathode is formed above the second intermediate laver, and

the functional layer is formed on the second intermediate layer and has at least one of an electron transporting property and an electron injecting property.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein

the second metal is ytterbium.

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein

each region between a face of one of the anodes facing the light-emitting layers and a face of the cathode facing the light-emitting layers constitutes an optical resonator having both of the faces as reflecting surfaces.

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein

the second intermediate layer is a pure metal layer of the second metal.

8. A display panel comprising:

a substrate;

anodes disposed on or above the substrate;

light-emitting layers disposed on or above the anodes;

a first intermediate layer disposed on or above the light-emitting layers, the first intermediate layer including a fluoride of a first metal or a complex of the first metal;

a second intermediate layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer being a metal layer made of a second metal; and

a cathode disposed on or above the second intermediate layer, wherein

the anodes are light-transmissive and the cathode is light-reflective, or the anodes are light-reflective and the cathode is light-transmissive,

the first metal is selected from a group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals,

the second metal is selected from rare earth metals, and

the second intermediate layer is a pure metal layer of the second metal.