Nickelate cathode materials
Nickelate cathode materials are provided, wherein said cathode material has an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern comprising a first peak from about 40.0-41.6 2Θ, and a second peak from about 62.6-63.0 2Θ. Methods of preparing such cathode materials are also provided. Alkaline electrochemical cells comprising said cathode materials are also provided.
1. A nickelate material, said material having an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern comprising a first peak from about 24.5-25.7 2Θ, and a second peak from about 11.8-13.0 2Θ.
2. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said XRD pattern further comprises at least one peak selected from the group consisting of a third peak from about 18.1-19.7 2Θ, a fourth peak from about 40.0-41.6 2Θ, a fifth peak from about 36.4-38.0 2Θ, a sixth peak from about 43.0-43.4 2Θ, a seventh peak from about 59.6-60.4 2Θ, an eighth peak from about 65.2-66.8 2Θ, a ninth peak from about 62.6-63.0 2Θ, a tenth peak from about 45.3-46.9 2Θ, and an eleventh peak from about 47.4-49.0 2Θ.
3. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said XRD pattern further comprises at least three peaks selected from the group consisting of a third peak from about 18.1-19.7 2Θ, a fourth peak from about 40.0-41.6 2Θ, a fifth peak from about 36.4-38.0 2Θ, a sixth peak from about 43.0-43.4 2Θ, a seventh peak from about 59.6-60.4 2Θ, an eighth peak from about 65.2-66.8 2Θ, a ninth peak from about 62.6-63.0 2Θ, a tenth peak from about 45.3-46.9 2Θ, and an eleventh peak from about 47.4-49.0 2Θ.
4. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said XRD pattern further comprises at least six peaks selected from the group consisting of a third peak from about 18.1-19.7 2Θ, a fourth peak from about 40.0-41.6 2Θ, a fifth peak from about 36.4-38.0 2Θ, a sixth peak from about 43.0-43.4 2Θ, a seventh peak from about 59.6-60.4 2Θ, an eighth peak from about 65.2-66.8 2Θ, a ninth peak from about 62.6-63.0 2Θ, a tenth peak from about 45.3-46.9 2Θ, and an eleventh peak from about 47.4-49.0 2Θ.
5. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said XRD pattern further comprises a third peak from about 18.1-19.7 2 Θ, a fourth peak from about 40.0-41.6 2Θ, a fifth peak from about 36.4-38.0 2Θ, a sixth peak from about 43.0-43.4 2Θ, a seventh peak from about 59.6-60.4 2Θ, an eighth peak from about 65.2-66.8 2Θ, a ninth peak from about 62.6-63.0 2Θ, a tenth peak from about 45.3-46.9 2Θ, and an eleventh peak from about 47.4-49.0 2Θ.
6. The nickelate material of claim 5 , wherein said first peak has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 0.68, said second peak has a FWHM of about 0.64, said third peak has a FWHM of about 0.97, said fourth peak has a FWHM of about 1.00, said fifth peak has a FWHM of about 0.95, said sixth peak has a FWHM of about 0.19, said seventh peak has a FWHM of about 0.46, said eighth peak has a FWHM of about 1.24, said ninth peak has a FWHM of about 0.29, said tenth peak has a FWHM of about 0.95, and said eleventh peak has a FWHM of about 1.12.
7. The nickelate material of claim 5 , wherein said first peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 64±13, said second peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 353±58, said third peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 210±42, said fourth peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 58±12, said fifth peak has a normalized intensity of 100, said sixth peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 70±14, said seventh peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 17±5, said eighth peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 44±10, said ninth peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 30±6, said tenth peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 31±10, and said eleventh peak has a normalized intensity relative to the fifth peak of 38±10.
8. The nickelate material of claim 5 , wherein said first peak is 25.1±0.2 2Θ, said second peak is 12.4±0.2 2Θ, said third peak is 18.9±0.2 2Θ, said fourth peak is 40.8±0.2 2Θ, said fifth peak is 37.2±0.2 2Θ, said sixth peak is 43.2±0.2 2Θ, said seventh peak is 60.0±0.2 2Θ, said eighth peak is 66.0±0.2 2Θ, said ninth peak is 62.8±0.2 2Θ, said tenth peak is 46.1±0.2 2Θ, and said eleventh peak is 48.2±0.2 2Θ.
9. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said first peak is 25.1±0.2 2Θ, and said second peak is 12.4±0.2 2Θ.
10. The nickelate material of claim 1 , wherein said nickelate material is substituted.
11. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a) a container; and
b) an electrode assembly disposed within the container and comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator located between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte solution; and
wherein the cathode comprises the nickelate material of claim 1 .
12. The electrochemical cell of claim 11 , wherein the cathode further comprises electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide, or copper oxide.
13. The electrochemical cell of claim 11 , wherein the anode comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of zinc, magnesium, aluminum and silicon.
14. An alkaline electrochemical cell comprising the nickelate material of claim 1 .
15. A cathode comprising the nickelate material of claim 1 .