Direct thermal recording media with perforated particles
Direct thermal recording media are designed to operate based on a thermally-induced change of state rather than a thermally-induced chemical reaction between a leuco dye and an acidic developer. The media use two types of scattering particles, one of which changes its state from solid to liquid during printing, and the other of which does not. The former particles, upon melting, fill spaces between the latter particles, thus eliminating or substantially reducing light scattering, which makes an underlying colorant visible at selected print locations where heat is locally applied. The latter, higher melting point particles have a caged morphology and comprise perforated particles. The media can provide high quality thermally-produced images at print speeds at least as high as 10 inches per second (ips).
1. A recording medium, comprising:
a substrate;
a first light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first scattering particles having a first melting point; and
a plurality of second scattering particles proximate the first light-scattering layer, the second scattering particles having a second melting point lower than the first melting point;
wherein the first light-scattering layer is porous, and the second scattering particles are disposed to, upon melting, fill spaces between the first scattering particles; and
wherein the first scattering particles comprise perforated particles.
2. The medium of claim 1 , further comprising:
a thermal insulating layer between the first light-scattering layer and the substrate.
3. The medium of claim 1 , further comprising:
a colorant disposed beneath the first light-scattering layer;
wherein applying sufficient heat at selected print locations to a side of the recording medium on which the first light-scattering layer resides causes the second scattering particles, but not the first scattering particles, to melt at the selected print locations, such that the second scattering particles, upon melting, fill spaces between and within the first scattering particles to render the first light-scattering layer substantially transparent in the selected print locations.
4. The medium of claim 3 , wherein the colorant becomes visible at the selected print locations but remains obscured by other portions of the first light-scattering layer.
5. The medium of claim 1 , wherein a print quality of the recording medium when used with a thermal printer energy setting of 11.7 mJ/mm 2 at a print speed of 6 inches per second (ips) is characterized by an ANSI value of at least 1.5.
6. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first scattering particles have a first average size in a range from 0.5 to 1.5 micrometers, and the second scattering particles have a second average size in a range from 0.2 to 1 micrometer.
7. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second melting point is at least 80° C. or at least 90° C., or in a range from 80 to 150° C., and wherein the first melting point is at least 50° C. greater than the second melting point.
8. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second scattering particles are dispersed throughout the first light-scattering layer.
9. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer is exposed to air and contains hollow particles from 5% to 20% (total dry solids).
10. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer contains substantially no hollow particles.
11. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first light-scattering layer is substantially devoid of leuco dyes and acidic developers.
12. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second scattering particles are disposed in a second light-scattering layer adjacent the first light-scattering layer.
13. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the second scattering particles comprise a non-polymeric crystalline organic material.
14. The medium of claim 13 , wherein the second scattering particles comprise at least one of diphenyl sulfone (DPS), diphenoxyethane (DPE), ethylene glycol m-tolyl ether (EGTE), and β-naphthylbenzylether (BON).
15. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first scattering particles are polymeric or inorganic.
16. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the first scattering particles and the second scattering particles are not chemically reactive with each other.
17. The medium of claim 1 , wherein neither the first scattering particles nor the second scattering particles contain any chemical functional group.
18. The medium of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the first scattering particles to the second scattering particles, measured in terms of total dry solids, is in a range from 1 to 3.
19. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the perforated particles comprise holes with relative sizes of a hole diameter for each hole that is at least 10%, or in a range from 20 to 40%, of a particle diameter of each of the perforated particles.
20. The medium of claim 1 , wherein the perforated particles have a hole coverage of at least 40%, or in a range from 40 to 70%, of an outer surface of each of the perforated particles.
21. A recording medium, comprising:
a substrate; and
a light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first scattering particles, the first scattering particles comprising perforated particles, each such perforated particle having a plurality of openings permitting a smaller object to pass through the perforated particle without contacting any wall of the perforated particle.
22. The medium of claim 21 , wherein the first scattering particles are polymeric or inorganic.
23. The medium of claim 21 , wherein the first scattering particles do not contain any chemical functional group.
24. A recording medium, comprising:
a substrate; and
a light-scattering layer carried by the substrate and including first scattering particles, the first scattering particles having a caged morphology including a plurality of openings permitting a smaller object to pass into and/or through the first scattering particles.
25. The medium of claim 24 , wherein the first scattering particles comprise holes with relative sizes of a hole diameter of the holes that is in a range from 20 to 40% of a particle diameter of each of the perforated particles.
26. The medium of claim 24 , wherein the first scattering particles have a hole coverage in a range from 40 to 70% of an outer surface of each of the perforated particles.